Permian Period
E93510
The Permian Period was the final period of the Paleozoic Era, marked by the diversification of reptiles and the largest mass extinction in Earth's history at its close.
All labels observed (7)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Permian Period canonical | 15 |
| Permian period | 9 |
| Permian | 5 |
| Permian System | 4 |
| Changhsingian | 1 |
| Middle Permian | 1 |
| Permian geological period | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T657894 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
Target entity: Permian Period Context triple: [Phanerozoic Eon, contains, Permian Period]
-
A.
Triassic
The Triassic was the first period of the Mesozoic Era, marked by the initial diversification of dinosaurs and the recovery of life following the Permian–Triassic mass extinction.
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B.
Devonian Period
The Devonian Period was a division of the Paleozoic Era characterized by the diversification of fish, the first significant colonization of land by plants and early tetrapods, and major reef-building in the oceans.
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C.
Paleozoic Era
The Paleozoic Era was an ancient geologic time interval, spanning roughly 541 to 252 million years ago, marked by the emergence and diversification of complex life in the seas and on land and the assembly of major continental landmasses.
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D.
Jurassic Period
The Jurassic Period was a major division of the Mesozoic Era characterized by warm climates, the dominance and diversification of dinosaurs, and the early evolution of birds.
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E.
Carboniferous period
The Carboniferous period was a Paleozoic era interval, roughly 359 to 299 million years ago, characterized by extensive swampy forests that formed vast coal deposits and by the diversification of early amphibians and insects.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Target entity: Permian Period Target entity description: The Permian Period was the final period of the Paleozoic Era, marked by the diversification of reptiles and the largest mass extinction in Earth's history at its close.
-
A.
Triassic
The Triassic was the first period of the Mesozoic Era, marked by the initial diversification of dinosaurs and the recovery of life following the Permian–Triassic mass extinction.
-
B.
Devonian Period
The Devonian Period was a division of the Paleozoic Era characterized by the diversification of fish, the first significant colonization of land by plants and early tetrapods, and major reef-building in the oceans.
-
C.
Paleozoic Era
The Paleozoic Era was an ancient geologic time interval, spanning roughly 541 to 252 million years ago, marked by the emergence and diversification of complex life in the seas and on land and the assembly of major continental landmasses.
-
D.
Jurassic Period
The Jurassic Period was a major division of the Mesozoic Era characterized by warm climates, the dominance and diversification of dinosaurs, and the early evolution of birds.
-
E.
Carboniferous period
The Carboniferous period was a Paleozoic era interval, roughly 359 to 299 million years ago, characterized by extensive swampy forests that formed vast coal deposits and by the diversification of early amphibians and insects.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
geological period
ⓘ
stratigraphic unit ⓘ |
| approximateDuration | about 47 million years ⓘ |
| containsStage |
Artinskian
ⓘ
Asselian ⓘ Capitanian ⓘ Permian Period self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Changhsingian
Kungurian ⓘ Roadian ⓘ Sakmarian ⓘ Wordian ⓘ Wuchiapingian ⓘ |
| endBoundaryDefinedBy |
Meishan section China for base of Triassic
ⓘ
surface form:
GSSP at Meishan, Zhejiang, China (base of Triassic)
|
| endedWith |
Permian–Triassic mass extinction
ⓘ
surface form:
Permian–Triassic extinction event
|
| endTime | approximately 251.9 million years ago ⓘ |
| followedByEvent | Mesozoic Era ⓘ |
| follows |
Carboniferous period
ⓘ
surface form:
Carboniferous Period
|
| globalBoundaryStratotypeSectionAndPoint | GSSP at Aidaralash Creek, Kazakhstan (base of Asselian) ⓘ |
| hasCharacteristic |
assembly of supercontinent Pangaea
ⓘ
decline of many marine invertebrate groups ⓘ development of therapsids ⓘ diversification of reptiles ⓘ expansion of gymnosperm forests ⓘ extensive evaporite deposition ⓘ largest mass extinction in Earth history ⓘ radiation of early conifers ⓘ reduction of coal-swamp ecosystems ⓘ widespread arid and continental climates ⓘ |
| hasSubdivision |
Cisuralian Epoch
ⓘ
Guadalupian Epoch ⓘ Lopingian Epoch ⓘ |
| majorExtinctionLoss |
many brachiopod groups
ⓘ
many fusulinid foraminifera ⓘ many reef-building organisms ⓘ trilobites ⓘ |
| namedAfter |
Perm Krai
ⓘ
city of Perm ⓘ |
| namedBy | Roderick Murchison ⓘ |
| notableFauna |
early archosauriforms
ⓘ
pelycosaurs ⓘ therapsids ⓘ |
| notableFlora |
conifers
ⓘ
ginkgophytes ⓘ seed ferns ⓘ |
| partOf | Paleozoic Era ⓘ |
| positionInEon | Phanerozoic Eon ⓘ |
| positionInEra | last period of the Paleozoic Era ⓘ |
| precedes |
Triassic
ⓘ
surface form:
Triassic Period
|
| startTime | approximately 298.9 million years ago ⓘ |
| timeNamed | 1841 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Subject: Permian Period Description of subject: The Permian Period was the final period of the Paleozoic Era, marked by the diversification of reptiles and the largest mass extinction in Earth's history at its close.
Referenced by (36)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.