Yersinia pestis
E72523
Yersinia pestis is a highly virulent bacterium responsible for plague, including the historic pandemics of bubonic, septicemic, and pneumonic forms.
All labels observed (7)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Yersinia pestis canonical | 15 |
| Yersinia pestis CO92 | 2 |
| Yersinia pestis KIM | 2 |
| Pasteurella pestis | 1 |
| Yersinia pestis biovar Medievalis strains | 1 |
| Yersinia pestis biovar Orientalis strains | 1 |
| bubonic plague | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T578687 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Yersinia pestis Context triple: [Black Death, hasCause, Yersinia pestis]
-
A.
Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus anthracis is a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that causes the disease anthrax in humans and animals.
-
B.
Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative, comma-shaped bacterium that causes the acute diarrheal disease cholera in humans.
-
C.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the pathogenic bacterial species that causes most cases of human tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission.
-
D.
Campylobacter
Campylobacter is a genus of bacteria that commonly causes foodborne gastrointestinal infections in humans, often associated with undercooked poultry.
-
E.
Ricketts family
The Ricketts family is an American family of investors and philanthropists best known for owning and revitalizing the Chicago Cubs Major League Baseball franchise.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Yersinia pestis Target entity description: Yersinia pestis is a highly virulent bacterium responsible for plague, including the historic pandemics of bubonic, septicemic, and pneumonic forms.
-
A.
Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus anthracis is a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that causes the disease anthrax in humans and animals.
-
B.
Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative, comma-shaped bacterium that causes the acute diarrheal disease cholera in humans.
-
C.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the pathogenic bacterial species that causes most cases of human tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission.
-
D.
Campylobacter
Campylobacter is a genus of bacteria that commonly causes foodborne gastrointestinal infections in humans, often associated with undercooked poultry.
-
E.
Ricketts family
The Ricketts family is an American family of investors and philanthropists best known for owning and revitalizing the Chicago Cubs Major League Baseball franchise.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Gram-negative bacterium
ⓘ
bacterium ⓘ coccobacillus ⓘ facultative anaerobe ⓘ pathogen ⓘ |
| antibioticClassUsed |
aminoglycosides
ⓘ
fluoroquinolones ⓘ tetracyclines ⓘ |
| associatedPandemic |
Black Death
ⓘ
Justinianic Plague ⓘ Third Plague Pandemic ⓘ |
| biosafetyConcern | potential bioterrorism agent ⓘ |
| biosafetyLevel | BSL-3 ⓘ |
| causes |
bubonic plague
ⓘ
plague ⓘ pneumonic plague ⓘ septicemic plague ⓘ |
| CDCClassification | Category A bioterrorism agent ⓘ |
| class | Gammaproteobacteria ⓘ |
| discoveredBy | Alexandre Yersin ⓘ |
| discoveryYear | 1894 ⓘ |
| domain | Bacteria ⓘ |
| family | Yersiniaceae ⓘ |
| formerlyNamed |
Yersinia pestis
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Pasteurella pestis
|
| genomeType | circular chromosome ⓘ |
| genus | Yersinia ⓘ |
| GramStain | Gram-negative ⓘ |
| hasPlasmid |
pCD1
ⓘ
pMT1 ⓘ pPCP1 ⓘ |
| humanDisease | acute febrile illness ⓘ |
| motility | non-motile ⓘ |
| naturalHabitat | rodent-flea ecological cycle ⓘ |
| order |
Gammaproteobacteria
ⓘ
surface form:
Enterobacterales
|
| oxygenRequirement | facultative anaerobic ⓘ |
| phylum |
Gammaproteobacteria
ⓘ
surface form:
Pseudomonadota
|
| primaryReservoir | rodents ⓘ |
| shape | short rod ⓘ |
| sporeForming | non-spore-forming ⓘ |
| stainingCharacteristic | bipolar staining ⓘ |
| taxonRank | species ⓘ |
| transmissionRoute |
contact with infected animals
ⓘ
flea bite ⓘ inhalation of infectious droplets ⓘ |
| transmissionVector | fleas ⓘ |
| treatment | antibiotics ⓘ |
| virulenceFactor |
F1 capsule antigen
ⓘ
Yersinia outer proteins ⓘ lipopolysaccharide endotoxin ⓘ type III secretion system ⓘ |
| zoonotic | true ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Yersinia pestis Description of subject: Yersinia pestis is a highly virulent bacterium responsible for plague, including the historic pandemics of bubonic, septicemic, and pneumonic forms.
Referenced by (23)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Pasteurella pestis
this entity surface form:
bubonic plague
this entity surface form:
Yersinia pestis CO92
this entity surface form:
Yersinia pestis KIM
this entity surface form:
Yersinia pestis biovar Medievalis strains