|
gptkbp:instanceOf
|
gptkb:antibiotic
|
|
gptkbp:canBeInactivatedBy
|
beta-lactamase enzymes
|
|
gptkbp:chemicalFormula
|
contains four-membered lactam ring
|
|
gptkbp:combines
|
beta-lactamase inhibitors
|
|
gptkbp:concerns
|
gptkb:carbapenem-resistant_Enterobacteriaceae
gptkb:MRSA
ESBL-producing bacteria
|
|
gptkbp:contains
|
beta-lactam ring
|
|
gptkbp:contraindication
|
penicillin allergy
|
|
gptkbp:discoveredBy
|
gptkb:antibiotic
1928
Alexander Fleming (penicillin)
|
|
gptkbp:drugInteraction
|
may reduce efficacy of oral contraceptives
|
|
gptkbp:example
|
gptkb:amoxicillin
gptkb:aztreonam
gptkb:ceftriaxone
gptkb:imipenem
|
|
gptkbp:includes
|
gptkb:cephalosporins
gptkb:monobactams
penicillins
carbapenems
|
|
gptkbp:mechanismOfAction
|
inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis
|
|
gptkbp:metabolism
|
mainly renal excretion
|
|
gptkbp:namedAfter
|
beta-lactam ring
|
|
gptkbp:pregnancyCategory
|
generally safe
|
|
gptkbp:resistantTo
|
beta-lactamase production
|
|
gptkbp:routeOfAdministration
|
oral
intramuscular
intravenous
|
|
gptkbp:sideEffect
|
diarrhea
allergic reaction
rash
|
|
gptkbp:spectrumOfActivity
|
broad-spectrum
narrow-spectrum
|
|
gptkbp:subclassOf
|
antibacterial drugs
|
|
gptkbp:target
|
penicillin-binding proteins
|
|
gptkbp:usedFor
|
gptkb:pneumonia
meningitis
skin infections
sepsis
urinary tract infections
bacterial infections
|
|
gptkbp:usedIn
|
gptkb:veterinary_medicine
human medicine
|
|
gptkbp:WHOStatus
|
gptkb:Essential_Medicines
|
|
gptkbp:bfsParent
|
gptkb:Beta
|
|
gptkbp:bfsLayer
|
6
|
|
https://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label
|
beta-lactam antibiotics
|