Statements (105)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| gptkbp:instanceOf |
gptkb:chemical_compound
gptkb:antibiotic |
| gptkbp:administeredBy |
oral
intramuscular intravenous |
| gptkbp:alternativeName |
Chloramphenicol
aminoglycoside aminoglycoside_antibiotic antibacterial_agent antimicrobial_agent antimicrobial_resistance beta-lactam_antibiotic macrolide_antibiotic penicillin |
| gptkbp:aroma |
odorless
|
| gptkbp:ATCCode |
gptkb:J01C
J01BA01 |
| gptkbp:CASNumber |
61-33-6 (penicillin G)
56-75-7 |
| gptkbp:category |
antibacterial
beta-lactam natural antibiotic |
| gptkbp:chemicalFormula |
C16H18N2O4S (penicillin G)
C11H12Cl2N2O5 |
| gptkbp:color |
white to grayish-white
|
| gptkbp:contraindication |
pregnancy
penicillin allergy newborns hypersensitivity |
| gptkbp:discoveredBy |
gptkb:Alexander_Fleming
gptkb:David_Gottlieb |
| gptkbp:discoveredIn |
1928
1947 |
| gptkbp:eliminatedIn |
renal
|
| gptkbp:eliminationHalfLife |
30 minutes to 1 hour (penicillin G)
|
| gptkbp:excretion |
urine
|
| gptkbp:firstClinicalUse |
1941
|
| gptkbp:firstProduced |
1940s
|
| gptkbp:firstTestedOn |
humans
mice |
| gptkbp:flavor |
slightly bitter
|
| gptkbp:historicalSignificance |
first widely used antibiotic
|
| https://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label |
antibiotic
|
| gptkbp:includedIn |
gptkb:List_of_Essential_Medicines_(WHO)
|
| gptkbp:KEGGID |
D00252
|
| gptkbp:legalStatus |
not patented
prescription only |
| gptkbp:marketedAs |
1949
|
| gptkbp:mechanismOfAction |
inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis
inhibits protein synthesis |
| gptkbp:meltingPoint |
150°C
|
| gptkbp:MeSH_ID |
gptkb:D002683
|
| gptkbp:metabolism |
liver
|
| gptkbp:molecularWeight |
334.4 g/mol (penicillin G)
323.13 g/mol |
| gptkbp:NobelPrizeYear |
awarded to Fleming, Chain, Florey (1945)
|
| gptkbp:notEffectiveAgainst |
fungal infections
viral infections |
| gptkbp:notRecommendedFor |
food-producing animals (in many countries)
|
| gptkbp:origin |
gptkb:Penicillium_chrysogenum
gptkb:Penicillium_notatum gptkb:Streptomyces_venezuelae |
| gptkbp:pregnancyCategory |
generally safe
D (US) |
| gptkbp:producedBy |
gptkb:Penicillium_fungi
|
| gptkbp:PubChem_CID |
5959
DB00446 CHEBI:17698 |
| gptkbp:relatedTo |
gptkb:amoxicillin
gptkb:methicillin gptkb:ampicillin |
| gptkbp:resistanceIssue |
antibiotic resistance
|
| gptkbp:resistantTo |
plasmid-mediated acetyltransferase
|
| gptkbp:riskFactor |
may cause fatal blood dyscrasias
|
| gptkbp:routeOfAdministration |
oral
intravenous topical (eye drops, ointment) |
| gptkbp:sideEffect |
gptkb:gray_baby_syndrome
aplastic anemia allergic reaction anaphylaxis rash bone marrow suppression |
| gptkbp:solubility |
slightly soluble in water
water soluble |
| gptkbp:storage |
refrigerated
store at room temperature |
| gptkbp:synonym |
gptkb:Chloromycetin
D-threo-2,2-dichloro-N-[(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl]acetamide |
| gptkbp:target |
bacterial ribosome
|
| gptkbp:type |
gptkb:antibiotic
|
| gptkbp:UNII |
362O9ITL9D
|
| gptkbp:usedFor |
meningitis
typhoid fever bacterial infection treatment eye infections bacterial infections |
| gptkbp:usedIn |
gptkb:veterinary_medicine
human medicine |
| gptkbp:usedInVeterinaryMedicine |
yes
|
| gptkbp:WHOModelListOfEssentialMedicines |
true
yes |
| gptkbp:bfsParent |
gptkb:Bacillus_anthracis
gptkb:WHO |
| gptkbp:bfsLayer |
4
|