| gptkbp:instanceOf | gptkb:antibiotic_class 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:administeredBy | oral topical
 intravenous
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:alternativeName | fluorinated quinolones 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:book | ciprofloxacin 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:category | synthetic antibiotics 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:contraindication | children pregnancy
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:developedBy | gptkb:Kyorin_Pharmaceutical 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:discoveredIn | 1960s 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:drugInteraction | gptkb:theophylline gptkb:warfarin
 antacids
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:effect | Gram-negative bacteria some Gram-positive bacteria
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:example | gptkb:moxifloxacin gptkb:levofloxacin
 gptkb:norfloxacin
 gptkb:ofloxacin
 ciprofloxacin
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:excretion | kidneys 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:FDAWarning | serious side effects 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:firstBook | gptkb:norfloxacin 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:fourthGenerationYears | gptkb:moxifloxacin 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:mechanismOfAction | inhibit DNA gyrase inhibit topoisomerase IV
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:metabolism | liver 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:notEffectiveAgainst | anaerobes 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:notRecommendedFor | mild infections 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:regulates | prescription only 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:resistantTo | efflux pumps mutations in DNA gyrase
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:riskFactor | gptkb:peripheral_neuropathy gptkb:Clostridioides_difficile_infection
 CNS effects
 tendinitis
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:sideEffect | QT prolongation photosensitivity
 gastrointestinal upset
 tendon rupture
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:spectrumOfActivity | broad-spectrum 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:structureContains | fluorine atom quinolone core
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:thirdPlace | gptkb:levofloxacin 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:usedFor | bacterial infections 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:WHOStatus | gptkb:Essential_Medicines 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:bfsParent | gptkb:Antibiotics 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:bfsLayer | 7 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | https://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label | Fluoroquinolones 
 |