PI3K-AKT signaling pathway
E902875
The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway is a key intracellular cascade that regulates cell growth, survival, metabolism, and proliferation, and is frequently dysregulated in cancer.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| PI3K-AKT signaling pathway canonical | 6 |
| PI3K-Akt signaling pathway | 3 |
| PI3K-AKT pathway | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11074237 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: PI3K-AKT signaling pathway Context triple: [HER2 receptor, activatesPathway, PI3K-AKT signaling pathway]
-
A.
Reactome pathways
Reactome pathways are curated, peer-reviewed biological pathways that map molecular interactions and processes in human biology and other species.
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B.
AKT
AKT is the IATA airport code for RAF Akrotiri, a Royal Air Force station and military airbase located on the island of Cyprus.
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C.
PLCγ2
PLCγ2 is a phospholipase C isoform that functions as a key signaling enzyme in immune cells, mediating receptor-induced calcium mobilization and downstream activation pathways.
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D.
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
The Toll-like receptor signaling pathway is a key innate immune signaling cascade that detects pathogen-associated molecular patterns and activates downstream inflammatory and antiviral responses.
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E.
KEGG pathways
KEGG pathways are curated biological pathway maps in the KEGG database that represent networks of molecular interactions, reactions, and relations involved in cellular and organismal processes.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: PI3K-AKT signaling pathway Target entity description: The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway is a key intracellular cascade that regulates cell growth, survival, metabolism, and proliferation, and is frequently dysregulated in cancer.
-
A.
Reactome pathways
Reactome pathways are curated, peer-reviewed biological pathways that map molecular interactions and processes in human biology and other species.
-
B.
AKT
AKT is the IATA airport code for RAF Akrotiri, a Royal Air Force station and military airbase located on the island of Cyprus.
-
C.
PLCγ2
PLCγ2 is a phospholipase C isoform that functions as a key signaling enzyme in immune cells, mediating receptor-induced calcium mobilization and downstream activation pathways.
-
D.
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
The Toll-like receptor signaling pathway is a key innate immune signaling cascade that detects pathogen-associated molecular patterns and activates downstream inflammatory and antiviral responses.
-
E.
KEGG pathways
KEGG pathways are curated biological pathway maps in the KEGG database that represent networks of molecular interactions, reactions, and relations involved in cellular and organismal processes.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (73)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
cell signaling pathway
ⓘ
intracellular signaling cascade ⓘ |
| activatedBy |
cytokines
ⓘ
growth factors ⓘ insulin ⓘ oncogenic mutations ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
breast cancer
ⓘ
cancer ⓘ colorectal cancer ⓘ developmental disorders ⓘ endometrial cancer ⓘ glioblastoma ⓘ insulin resistance ⓘ lung cancer ⓘ overgrowth syndromes ⓘ prostate cancer ⓘ type 2 diabetes ⓘ
linked to:
type 2 diabetes mellitus
|
| downstreamOf |
IGF1 signaling
ⓘ
insulin signaling ⓘ receptor tyrosine kinases ⓘ |
| dysregulatedIn | many human cancers ⓘ |
| hasClinicalRelevance |
target for anticancer therapy
ⓘ
target for metabolic disease therapy ⓘ |
| hasComponent |
4E-BP1
ⓘ
AKT serine threonine kinase ⓘ BAD protein ⓘ EGF receptor ⓘ
linked to:
EGFR
FOXO transcription factors ⓘ G protein-coupled receptors ⓘ GSK3 beta ⓘ IGF1 receptor ⓘ
linked to:
insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor
MDM2 ⓘ PDGF receptor ⓘ
linked to:
PDGF receptor alpha
PDK1 ⓘ PTEN phosphatase ⓘ
linked to:
PTEN
TSC1 TSC2 complex ⓘ class I PI3K catalytic subunits ⓘ class I PI3K regulatory subunits ⓘ insulin receptor ⓘ mTOR complex 1 ⓘ mTOR complex 2 ⓘ p70S6 kinase ⓘ phosphatidylinositol 3 4 5-trisphosphate ⓘ phosphatidylinositol 4 5-bisphosphate ⓘ phosphoinositide 3-kinase ⓘ receptor tyrosine kinases ⓘ |
| inhibitedBy |
AKT inhibitors
ⓘ
PI3K inhibitors ⓘ PTEN ⓘ mTOR inhibitors ⓘ |
| locatedIn |
cytoplasm
ⓘ
nucleus ⓘ plasma membrane ⓘ |
| partOf |
cell survival signaling network
ⓘ
insulin signaling pathway ⓘ oncogenic signaling networks ⓘ |
| regulates |
angiogenesis
ⓘ
apoptosis ⓘ autophagy ⓘ cell cycle progression ⓘ cell growth ⓘ cell metabolism ⓘ cell migration ⓘ cell proliferation ⓘ cell survival ⓘ cell survival under stress ⓘ glucose uptake ⓘ glycogen synthesis ⓘ protein synthesis ⓘ |
| upstreamOf |
FOXO transcriptional regulation
ⓘ
GSK3 beta inhibition ⓘ mTOR signaling pathway ⓘ protein translation initiation ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: PI3K-AKT signaling pathway Description of subject: The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway is a key intracellular cascade that regulates cell growth, survival, metabolism, and proliferation, and is frequently dysregulated in cancer.
Referenced by (10)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject linked to:
INS gene in humans
linked to: PI3K-AKT signaling pathway
subject linked to:
vascular endothelial growth factor A
linked to: PI3K-AKT signaling pathway
linked to: PI3K-AKT signaling pathway
linked to: PI3K-AKT signaling pathway