Paleo-Indian period
E42134
The Paleo-Indian period is the earliest known phase of human habitation in the Americas, characterized by nomadic hunter-gatherer groups who used distinctive stone tools to hunt now-extinct megafauna.
All labels observed (6)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Paleo-Indians | 2 |
| Late Paleoindian | 1 |
| Late Paleoindian period | 1 |
| Paleo-Indian period canonical | 1 |
| Woodland period | 1 |
| pre-Clovis culture | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T324668 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Paleo-Indian period Context triple: [Pre-Columbian era, hasSubperiod, Paleo-Indian period]
-
A.
Pre-Columbian era
The Pre-Columbian era refers to the period in the Americas before the arrival of Christopher Columbus and subsequent European contact, characterized by diverse and complex Indigenous civilizations and cultures.
-
B.
Pleistocene epoch
The Pleistocene epoch was a geological time period characterized by repeated ice ages, widespread glaciation, and the evolution and global spread of modern humans.
-
C.
Holocene
The Holocene is the current geological epoch, beginning around 11,700 years ago, characterized by relatively stable climate conditions and the development of human civilizations.
-
D.
Quaternary period
The Quaternary period is the most recent division of geologic time, characterized by repeated ice ages, the evolution and global spread of modern humans, and significant climatic fluctuations over the last 2.6 million years.
-
E.
Bronze Age
The Bronze Age was an ancient era characterized by the widespread use of bronze tools and weapons, early urbanization, and the emergence of complex societies across regions including the Near East, where the Hebrews lived.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Paleo-Indian period Target entity description: The Paleo-Indian period is the earliest known phase of human habitation in the Americas, characterized by nomadic hunter-gatherer groups who used distinctive stone tools to hunt now-extinct megafauna.
-
A.
Pre-Columbian era
The Pre-Columbian era refers to the period in the Americas before the arrival of Christopher Columbus and subsequent European contact, characterized by diverse and complex Indigenous civilizations and cultures.
-
B.
Pleistocene epoch
The Pleistocene epoch was a geological time period characterized by repeated ice ages, widespread glaciation, and the evolution and global spread of modern humans.
-
C.
Holocene
The Holocene is the current geological epoch, beginning around 11,700 years ago, characterized by relatively stable climate conditions and the development of human civilizations.
-
D.
Quaternary period
The Quaternary period is the most recent division of geologic time, characterized by repeated ice ages, the evolution and global spread of modern humans, and significant climatic fluctuations over the last 2.6 million years.
-
E.
Bronze Age
The Bronze Age was an ancient era characterized by the widespread use of bronze tools and weapons, early urbanization, and the emergence of complex societies across regions including the Near East, where the Hebrews lived.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (58)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
archaeological period
ⓘ
cultural period ⓘ prehistoric period ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Palaeo-Indian period
ⓘ
Paleoamerican period ⓘ Paleoindian period ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
Anzick site
ⓘ
Beringian standstill hypothesis ⓘ Blackwater Draw site ⓘ Cactus Hill site ⓘ Clovis culture ⓘ Cumberland culture ⓘ Clovis culture ⓘ
surface form:
Dalton culture
Clovis culture ⓘ
surface form:
Folsom culture
Gault site ⓘ Late Pleistocene extinctions ⓘ Lindenmeier site ⓘ Meadowcroft Rockshelter ⓘ Monte Verde site ⓘ Plano cultures ⓘ peopling of the Americas ⓘ |
| characterizedBy |
big-game hunting
ⓘ
exploitation of now-extinct megafauna ⓘ nomadic hunter-gatherer lifeways ⓘ small highly mobile bands ⓘ use of distinctive stone tools ⓘ |
| climateContext |
Late Glacial Maximum retreat
ⓘ
end of the last Ice Age ⓘ |
| economicActivity |
gathering of wild plants
ⓘ
hunting of giant bison ⓘ hunting of mammoth ⓘ hunting of mastodon ⓘ |
| endTime |
approximately 8,000 BCE
ⓘ
early Holocene ⓘ |
| follows | initial human migration into the Americas ⓘ |
| locatedIn |
Americas
ⓘ
Central America ⓘ North America ⓘ South America ⓘ |
| mobilityPattern |
high residential mobility
ⓘ
seasonal migration ⓘ |
| partOf | prehistory of the Americas ⓘ |
| populationType | hunter-gatherers ⓘ |
| precedes | Archaic period in the Americas ⓘ |
| researchField |
Quaternary studies
ⓘ
archaeology of the Americas ⓘ paleoanthropology ⓘ |
| socialOrganization | small kin-based bands ⓘ |
| startTime |
Late Pleistocene
ⓘ
approximately 15,000 years ago ⓘ |
| usesToolMaterial |
chert
ⓘ
flint ⓘ obsidian ⓘ |
| usesToolType |
Clovis points
ⓘ
Folsom points ⓘ bifacial knives ⓘ fluted projectile points ⓘ scrapers ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Paleo-Indian period Description of subject: The Paleo-Indian period is the earliest known phase of human habitation in the Americas, characterized by nomadic hunter-gatherer groups who used distinctive stone tools to hunt now-extinct megafauna.
Referenced by (7)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Woodland period
this entity surface form:
Paleo-Indians
this entity surface form:
Paleo-Indians
this entity surface form:
Late Paleoindian period
subject surface form:
Monte Verde II
this entity surface form:
pre-Clovis culture
this entity surface form:
Late Paleoindian