| gptkbp:instanceOf | gptkb:book_series 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:conflict | gptkb:Crusades gptkb:Byzantine–Sassanid_wars
 various Arab caliphates
 Muslim–Christian relations
 Byzantine Empire
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:endDate | 1050s 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:location | gptkb:Armenia gptkb:North_Africa
 gptkb:Anatolia
 gptkb:Eastern_Mediterranean
 gptkb:Levant
 gptkb:Mesopotamia
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:notableBattle | gptkb:Siege_of_Constantinople_(674–678) gptkb:Battle_of_Akroinon
 gptkb:Battle_of_Manzikert
 gptkb:Battle_of_Yarmouk
 gptkb:Siege_of_Constantinople_(717–718)
 gptkb:Battle_of_Lalakaon
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:notableCommander | gptkb:Constans_II gptkb:John_I_Tzimiskes
 gptkb:Harun_al-Rashid
 gptkb:Maslama_ibn_Abd_al-Malik
 gptkb:Nikephoros_Phokas
 gptkb:Heraclius
 gptkb:Leo_III_the_Isaurian
 gptkb:Muawiyah_I
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:opposedBy | gptkb:Abbasid_Caliphate gptkb:Umayyad_Caliphate
 gptkb:Rashidun_Caliphate
 gptkb:Ayyubid_Sultanate
 gptkb:Fatimid_Caliphate
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:partOf | gptkb:Arab–Byzantine_conflict 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:relatedEvent | gptkb:Muslim_conquest_of_the_Levant gptkb:Byzantine_reconquest_of_Antioch
 gptkb:Byzantine_reconquest_of_Crete
 gptkb:Byzantine_reconquest_of_Cyprus
 gptkb:Muslim_conquest_of_Egypt
 gptkb:Muslim_conquest_of_North_Africa
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:result | Arab expansion Byzantine territorial losses
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:significance | Facilitated the spread of Islam Marked the decline of Byzantine power in the East
 Changed the demographic and religious landscape of the region
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:startDate | 629 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:bfsParent | gptkb:Byzantine–Sassanian_wars gptkb:Abbasid_era
 gptkb:Emirate_of_Tbilisi
 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | gptkbp:bfsLayer | 7 
 | 
                        
                            
                                | https://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label | Byzantine–Arab wars 
 |