Bradwell v. Illinois
E879577
Bradwell v. Illinois is an 1873 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld a state's right to bar women from practicing law, marking an early setback for women's rights under the Fourteenth Amendment.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Bradwell v. Illinois canonical | 1 |
| Myra Bradwell v. The State of Illinois | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T10673745 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bradwell v. Illinois Context triple: [Chase Court, notableCase, Bradwell v. Illinois]
-
A.
Brown v. Illinois
Brown v. Illinois is a 1975 U.S. Supreme Court decision that limited the admissibility of confessions obtained after an unlawful arrest by emphasizing the need to purge the taint of the initial Fourth Amendment violation.
-
B.
Scott v. Illinois
Scott v. Illinois is a 1979 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held the Sixth Amendment right to appointed counsel applies only when a defendant is actually sentenced to imprisonment, thereby limiting the broader protections suggested in Argersinger v. Hamlin.
-
C.
Moore v. Illinois
Moore v. Illinois is a United States Supreme Court decision addressing constitutional criminal procedure issues, particularly concerning the rights of defendants in state prosecutions.
-
D.
Blakely v. Washington
Blakely v. Washington is a landmark 2004 U.S. Supreme Court decision that applied the Apprendi rule to state sentencing guidelines, holding that any fact increasing a defendant’s sentence beyond the statutory maximum must be found by a jury beyond a reasonable doubt.
-
E.
Briggs v. Elliott
Briggs v. Elliott was a landmark federal court case from South Carolina challenging racial segregation in public schools, and it became one of the key cases consolidated into Brown v. Board of Education.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bradwell v. Illinois Target entity description: Bradwell v. Illinois is an 1873 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld a state's right to bar women from practicing law, marking an early setback for women's rights under the Fourteenth Amendment.
-
A.
Brown v. Illinois
Brown v. Illinois is a 1975 U.S. Supreme Court decision that limited the admissibility of confessions obtained after an unlawful arrest by emphasizing the need to purge the taint of the initial Fourth Amendment violation.
-
B.
Scott v. Illinois
Scott v. Illinois is a 1979 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held the Sixth Amendment right to appointed counsel applies only when a defendant is actually sentenced to imprisonment, thereby limiting the broader protections suggested in Argersinger v. Hamlin.
-
C.
Moore v. Illinois
Moore v. Illinois is a United States Supreme Court decision addressing constitutional criminal procedure issues, particularly concerning the rights of defendants in state prosecutions.
-
D.
Blakely v. Washington
Blakely v. Washington is a landmark 2004 U.S. Supreme Court decision that applied the Apprendi rule to state sentencing guidelines, holding that any fact increasing a defendant’s sentence beyond the statutory maximum must be found by a jury beyond a reasonable doubt.
-
E.
Briggs v. Elliott
Briggs v. Elliott was a landmark federal court case from South Carolina challenging racial segregation in public schools, and it became one of the key cases consolidated into Brown v. Board of Education.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court case
ⓘ
legal case ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
civil rights
ⓘ
constitutional law ⓘ gender discrimination ⓘ professional licensing ⓘ |
| citation |
16 Wall. 130
ⓘ
83 U.S. 130 ⓘ |
| concurringOpinionBy | Joseph P. Bradley ⓘ |
| concurringOpinionNotableFor | emphasis on traditional gender roles and women’s domestic sphere ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionInterpreted |
Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
ⓘ
linked to:
Fourteenth Amendment
Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment ⓘ
linked to:
Privileges and Immunities Clause
|
| decisionDate | 1873-04-15 ⓘ |
| defendant |
State of Illinois
ⓘ
linked to:
Illinois
|
| fullCaseName |
Myra Bradwell v. The State of Illinois
ⓘ
linked to:
Bradwell v. Illinois
|
| hasCourt | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| hasJurisdiction |
United States federal judiciary
ⓘ
linked to:
federal judiciary of the United States
|
| historicalSignificance |
early Supreme Court setback for women’s rights under the Fourteenth Amendment
ⓘ
illustrates 19th-century judicial attitudes toward women in the professions ⓘ narrowed the reach of the Privileges or Immunities Clause ⓘ |
| holding |
states may bar women from admission to the bar without violating the Privileges or Immunities Clause
ⓘ
the Fourteenth Amendment does not prohibit a state from denying a woman a license to practice law ⓘ
linked to:
Equal Protection Clause
|
| impactOnWomen | delayed women’s access to the legal profession in many states ⓘ |
| justiceInMajority |
David Davis
ⓘ
Joseph P. Bradley ⓘ Nathan Clifford ⓘ Noah H. Swayne ⓘ Samuel F. Miller NERFINISHED ⓘ Samuel Nelson ⓘ Ward Hunt ⓘ William Strong ⓘ |
| legalIssue |
application of the Fourteenth Amendment to sex-based discrimination
ⓘ
scope of the Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment ⓘ whether a state could deny a woman a license to practice law ⓘ |
| majorityOpinionBy | Samuel F. Miller NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| originatingState | Illinois ⓘ |
| plaintiff | Myra Bradwell ⓘ |
| reasonForDenial |
Bradwell’s status as a married woman
ⓘ
prevailing views about women’s proper domestic role ⓘ |
| relatedCase |
Minor v. Happersett
ⓘ
The Slaughter-House Cases ⓘ
linked to:
Slaughter-House Cases
|
| relatedPerson |
Justice Joseph P. Bradley
ⓘ
Justice Samuel F. Miller ⓘ Myra Bradwell ⓘ |
| result | judgment of the Supreme Court of Illinois was affirmed ⓘ |
| separateOpinionBy | Joseph P. Bradley ⓘ |
| separateOpinionType | concurring opinion ⓘ |
| stateActionChallenged | Illinois Supreme Court’s refusal to grant Myra Bradwell a law license ⓘ |
| subsequentDevelopment |
its approach to the Privileges or Immunities Clause has largely been abandoned
ⓘ
later criticized by scholars and advocates of gender equality ⓘ |
| term | 1872 term of the U.S. Supreme Court ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Bradwell v. Illinois Description of subject: Bradwell v. Illinois is an 1873 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld a state's right to bar women from practicing law, marking an early setback for women's rights under the Fourteenth Amendment.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Bradwell v. Illinois