Slaughter-House Cases
E118718
The Slaughter-House Cases were an 1873 U.S. Supreme Court decision that narrowly interpreted the Fourteenth Amendment’s Privileges or Immunities Clause, significantly limiting its protection of civil rights against state infringement.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Slaughter-House Cases canonical | 4 |
| Slaughter-House Cases (related opinions) | 1 |
| The Slaughter-House Cases | 1 |
| opinion in The Slaughter-House Cases (dissent) | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T998743 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Slaughter-House Cases Context triple: [Saenz v. Roe, distinguishedFrom, Slaughter-House Cases]
-
A.
The Civil Rights Cases (1883)
The Civil Rights Cases (1883) were a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision that struck down key provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1875, severely limiting federal power to prohibit racial discrimination by private individuals and businesses.
-
B.
Chisholm v. Georgia
Chisholm v. Georgia was a 1793 U.S. Supreme Court case that held a state could be sued in federal court by a citizen of another state, a ruling that led directly to the adoption of the Eleventh Amendment limiting such suits.
-
C.
Cohens v. Virginia
Cohens v. Virginia is an 1821 U.S. Supreme Court case that affirmed the Court’s authority to review state criminal proceedings involving federal law, strengthening federal judicial power over the states.
-
D.
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Dred Scott v. Sandford was an 1857 U.S. Supreme Court decision that infamously denied citizenship and constitutional rights to African Americans and helped accelerate tensions leading to the Civil War.
-
E.
Gibbons v. Ogden
Gibbons v. Ogden was an 1824 U.S. Supreme Court case that broadly affirmed federal power over interstate commerce, significantly strengthening national authority relative to the states.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Slaughter-House Cases Target entity description: The Slaughter-House Cases were an 1873 U.S. Supreme Court decision that narrowly interpreted the Fourteenth Amendment’s Privileges or Immunities Clause, significantly limiting its protection of civil rights against state infringement.
-
A.
The Civil Rights Cases (1883)
The Civil Rights Cases (1883) were a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision that struck down key provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1875, severely limiting federal power to prohibit racial discrimination by private individuals and businesses.
-
B.
Chisholm v. Georgia
Chisholm v. Georgia was a 1793 U.S. Supreme Court case that held a state could be sued in federal court by a citizen of another state, a ruling that led directly to the adoption of the Eleventh Amendment limiting such suits.
-
C.
Cohens v. Virginia
Cohens v. Virginia is an 1821 U.S. Supreme Court case that affirmed the Court’s authority to review state criminal proceedings involving federal law, strengthening federal judicial power over the states.
-
D.
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Dred Scott v. Sandford was an 1857 U.S. Supreme Court decision that infamously denied citizenship and constitutional rights to African Americans and helped accelerate tensions leading to the Civil War.
-
E.
Gibbons v. Ogden
Gibbons v. Ogden was an 1824 U.S. Supreme Court case that broadly affirmed federal power over interstate commerce, significantly strengthening national authority relative to the states.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court case
ⓘ
constitutional law case ⓘ landmark decision ⓘ |
| background |
arose from Louisiana law granting a slaughterhouse monopoly in New Orleans
ⓘ
butchers challenged Louisiana slaughterhouse monopoly as violating the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments ⓘ |
| citation | 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 36 ⓘ |
| constitutionalIssue |
application of Fourteenth Amendment to economic regulation
ⓘ
scope of national versus state citizenship rights ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| criticizedFor |
adopting an overly narrow reading of the Fourteenth Amendment
ⓘ
undermining Reconstruction-era civil rights protections ⓘ |
| decidedBy | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate |
1873
ⓘ
April 14, 1873 ⓘ |
| dissentingOpinionBy |
Joseph P. Bradley
ⓘ
Nathan Clifford ⓘ Noah H. Swayne ⓘ Stephen J. Field ⓘ |
| dissentingVote | 4 ⓘ |
| effect |
constrained use of the Fourteenth Amendment for civil rights claims
ⓘ
limited federal protection of civil rights against state infringement ⓘ narrowed scope of the Privileges or Immunities Clause ⓘ |
| hasJurisdiction |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| historicalContext | Reconstruction era ⓘ |
| holding |
Fourteenth Amendment does not transfer regulation of all civil rights from the states to the federal government
ⓘ
Privileges and Immunities Clause ⓘ
surface form:
Privileges or Immunities Clause protects only rights of national citizenship, not state citizenship
|
| interprets |
Fourteenth Amendment
ⓘ
surface form:
Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
Privileges and Immunities Clause ⓘ
surface form:
Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment
|
| involvesClause |
Privileges and Immunities Clause
ⓘ
surface form:
Privileges or Immunities Clause
|
| legalArea |
Fourteenth Amendment
ⓘ
civil rights ⓘ constitutional law ⓘ |
| locationOfOrigin |
Louisiana
ⓘ
New Orleans ⓘ
surface form:
New Orleans, Louisiana
|
| longTermImpact |
Privileges or Immunities Clause largely dormant in later Fourteenth Amendment jurisprudence
ⓘ
shifted focus of Fourteenth Amendment litigation to Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses ⓘ |
| majorityOpinionBy | Samuel Freeman Miller ⓘ |
| majorityVote | 5 ⓘ |
| party |
Crescent City Live-Stock Landing and Slaughter-House Company
ⓘ
independent butchers of New Orleans ⓘ |
| precedentStatus | binding precedent on interpretation of Privileges or Immunities Clause ⓘ |
| relatedAmendment |
Fourteenth Amendment
ⓘ
surface form:
Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
Thirteenth Amendment ⓘ
surface form:
Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
|
| relatedClause |
Due Process Clause
ⓘ
surface form:
Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment
Equal Protection Clause ⓘ
surface form:
Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment
|
| subsequentTreatment |
frequently criticized by scholars and some justices
ⓘ
rarely relied upon to expand civil rights protections ⓘ |
| timePeriod | 19th century ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Slaughter-House Cases Description of subject: The Slaughter-House Cases were an 1873 U.S. Supreme Court decision that narrowly interpreted the Fourteenth Amendment’s Privileges or Immunities Clause, significantly limiting its protection of civil rights against state infringement.
Referenced by (7)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
The Slaughter-House Cases
this entity surface form:
Slaughter-House Cases (related opinions)
this entity surface form:
opinion in The Slaughter-House Cases (dissent)