carbamazepine
E850013
Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug commonly used to treat epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia, and bipolar disorder.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| carbamazepine canonical | 5 |
| Tegretol | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T10214782 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: carbamazepine Context triple: [CYP3A4, inducedBy, carbamazepine]
-
A.
phenytoin
Phenytoin is an antiepileptic medication commonly used to prevent and control seizures by stabilizing neuronal activity in the brain.
-
B.
Lyrica
Lyrica is a prescription medication (pregabalin) commonly used to treat nerve pain, fibromyalgia, and certain types of seizures.
-
C.
Acurenam
Acurenam is a town located in the Centro Sur province of Equatorial Guinea.
-
D.
Symmetrel
Symmetrel is a brand-name antiviral and antiparkinsonian medication whose active ingredient is amantadine.
-
E.
Namenda
Namenda is a prescription medication used to treat moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease by regulating the activity of glutamate in the brain.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: carbamazepine Target entity description: Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug commonly used to treat epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia, and bipolar disorder.
-
A.
phenytoin
Phenytoin is an antiepileptic medication commonly used to prevent and control seizures by stabilizing neuronal activity in the brain.
-
B.
Lyrica
Lyrica is a prescription medication (pregabalin) commonly used to treat nerve pain, fibromyalgia, and certain types of seizures.
-
C.
Acurenam
Acurenam is a town located in the Centro Sur province of Equatorial Guinea.
-
D.
Symmetrel
Symmetrel is a brand-name antiviral and antiparkinsonian medication whose active ingredient is amantadine.
-
E.
Namenda
Namenda is a prescription medication used to treat moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease by regulating the activity of glutamate in the brain.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (73)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
anticonvulsant drug
ⓘ
antiepileptic drug ⓘ dibenzazepine derivative ⓘ mood stabilizer ⓘ pharmaceutical drug ⓘ |
| hasAdverseEffect |
ataxia
ⓘ
dizziness ⓘ drowsiness ⓘ hyponatremia ⓘ leukopenia ⓘ nausea ⓘ vomiting ⓘ |
| hasATCCode |
N03AF01
ⓘ
N05AN01 ⓘ |
| hasBioavailability | 70–85% ⓘ |
| hasBlackBoxWarning |
aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis risk
ⓘ
serious dermatologic reactions ⓘ |
| hasCASNumber | 298-46-4 ⓘ |
| hasChemicalFormula | C15H12N2O ⓘ |
| hasCommonBrandName |
Carbatrol
ⓘ
Epitol ⓘ Equetro ⓘ Tegretol ⓘ
linked to:
carbamazepine
|
| hasDosageForm |
extended-release tablet
ⓘ
oral suspension ⓘ tablet ⓘ |
| hasDrugInteraction |
oral contraceptives
ⓘ
other antiepileptic drugs ⓘ warfarin ⓘ |
| hasEliminationHalfLife |
approximately 12–17 hours (chronic use)
ⓘ
approximately 25–65 hours (single dose) ⓘ |
| hasIUPACName | 5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-5-carboxamide ⓘ |
| hasLegalStatus | prescription-only medicine ⓘ |
| hasMechanismOfAction |
reduces neuronal excitability
ⓘ
voltage-gated sodium channel blocker ⓘ |
| hasMetabolism | hepatic ⓘ |
| hasMolarMass | 236.27 g/mol ⓘ |
| hasPharmacogenomicAssociation |
HLA-A*3101 allele
ⓘ
HLA-B*1502 allele ⓘ |
| hasPregnancyRisk | teratogenic ⓘ |
| hasProteinBinding | 70–80% ⓘ |
| hasRouteOfAdministration |
oral
ⓘ
rectal ⓘ |
| hasSeriousAdverseEffect |
Stevens–Johnson syndrome
ⓘ
agranulocytosis ⓘ aplastic anemia ⓘ toxic epidermal necrolysis ⓘ |
| hasUNII | 33CM23913M ⓘ |
| induces |
CYP1A2
ⓘ
CYP2C19 ⓘ CYP2C9 ⓘ CYP3A4 ⓘ UGT enzymes ⓘ |
| isContraindicatedIn |
patients with a history of hypersensitivity to tricyclic compounds
ⓘ
patients with bone marrow depression ⓘ |
| isContraindicatedWith | MAO inhibitors ⓘ |
| isExcretedBy |
bile
ⓘ
kidney ⓘ |
| isListedOn | World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines ⓘ |
| isMetabolizedBy | CYP3A4 ⓘ |
| mayCause | neural tube defects in fetus ⓘ |
| mayTreat |
neuropathic pain
ⓘ
schizoaffective disorder ⓘ |
| requiresGeneticTestingIn | many patients of Asian ancestry ⓘ |
| treats |
acute manic episodes
ⓘ
bipolar disorder ⓘ epilepsy ⓘ generalized tonic-clonic seizures ⓘ partial seizures ⓘ trigeminal neuralgia ⓘ |
| wasDevelopedBy |
Janssen Pharmaceutica
ⓘ
linked to:
Janssen Pharmaceuticals
|
| wasFirstMarketedIn | 1960s ⓘ |
| wasFirstSynthesizedIn | 1953 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: carbamazepine Description of subject: Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug commonly used to treat epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia, and bipolar disorder.
Referenced by (6)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.