Boltzmann constant
E7358
The Boltzmann constant is a fundamental physical constant that links temperature to energy at the particle level, playing a central role in statistical mechanics and thermodynamics.
All labels observed (5)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Boltzmann constant canonical | 25 |
| Boltzmann constant k | 5 |
| Boltzmann constant k_B | 2 |
| Boltzmann constant kB | 1 |
| SI base unit definitions | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T80148 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Boltzmann constant Context triple: [On the Motion of Small Particles Suspended in Liquids at Rest Required by the Molecular-Kinetic Theory of Heat, relatesToConstant, Boltzmann constant]
-
A.
Avogadro constant
The Avogadro constant is the fundamental physical constant that specifies the number of constituent particles, usually atoms or molecules, in one mole of a substance.
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B.
Einstein–Smoluchowski relation
The Einstein–Smoluchowski relation is a fundamental equation in statistical physics that links the diffusion coefficient of particles undergoing Brownian motion to their mobility and thermal energy.
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C.
Planck radiation law
Planck radiation law is a fundamental formula in quantum physics that describes the spectral distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium.
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D.
Newtonian gravitational constant G
The Newtonian gravitational constant G is the fundamental physical constant that quantifies the strength of gravitational attraction between masses in classical and relativistic theories of gravity.
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E.
Bose–Einstein statistics
Bose–Einstein statistics is a quantum statistical framework that describes the distribution and collective behavior of indistinguishable bosons, underpinning phenomena such as Bose–Einstein condensation.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Boltzmann constant Target entity description: The Boltzmann constant is a fundamental physical constant that links temperature to energy at the particle level, playing a central role in statistical mechanics and thermodynamics.
-
A.
Avogadro constant
The Avogadro constant is the fundamental physical constant that specifies the number of constituent particles, usually atoms or molecules, in one mole of a substance.
-
B.
Einstein–Smoluchowski relation
The Einstein–Smoluchowski relation is a fundamental equation in statistical physics that links the diffusion coefficient of particles undergoing Brownian motion to their mobility and thermal energy.
-
C.
Planck radiation law
Planck radiation law is a fundamental formula in quantum physics that describes the spectral distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium.
-
D.
Newtonian gravitational constant G
The Newtonian gravitational constant G is the fundamental physical constant that quantifies the strength of gravitational attraction between masses in classical and relativistic theories of gravity.
-
E.
Bose–Einstein statistics
Bose–Einstein statistics is a quantum statistical framework that describes the distribution and collective behavior of indistinguishable bosons, underpinning phenomena such as Bose–Einstein condensation.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
fundamental constant
ⓘ
physical constant ⓘ |
| appearsIn |
Bose–Einstein statistics
ⓘ
surface form:
Bose–Einstein distribution
E = k_B T ⓘ Einstein solid model ⓘ Fermi–Dirac statistics ⓘ
surface form:
Fermi–Dirac distribution
fluctuation–dissipation theorem ⓘ
surface form:
Johnson–Nyquist noise formula
Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics ⓘ
surface form:
Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution
Planck radiation law ⓘ
surface form:
Planck blackbody radiation law
S = k_B ln Ω ⓘ Sackur–Tetrode equation ⓘ equipartition theorem ⓘ partition function expressions ⓘ |
| CODATAStatus | fixed exact constant in SI ⓘ |
| connects |
energy
ⓘ
temperature ⓘ |
| definedBy | 2019 SI redefinition ⓘ |
| dimension | energy per temperature ⓘ |
| exactValue | yes ⓘ |
| field |
kinetic theory of gases
ⓘ
statistical mechanics ⓘ thermodynamics ⓘ |
| fixedBy | 26th General Conference on Weights and Measures ⓘ |
| measurementMethods |
Doppler broadening thermometry
ⓘ
Johnson-noise thermometry ⓘ acoustic gas thermometry ⓘ dielectric-constant gas thermometry ⓘ |
| microscopicMacroscopicLink | relates microscopic particle properties to macroscopic thermodynamic quantities ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Ludwig Boltzmann ⓘ |
| previousUncertainty | was experimentally determined before 2019 ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Avogadro constant
ⓘ
gas constant ⓘ |
| relation | R = N_A k_B ⓘ |
| relevance | central to statistical definition of temperature ⓘ |
| role | links temperature to average particle energy ⓘ |
| SIName | Boltzmann constant self-link ⓘ |
| symbol |
k
ⓘ
k_B ⓘ |
| unit | joule per kelvin ⓘ |
| unitSymbol | J·K⁻¹ ⓘ |
| usedIn |
Boltzmann factor exp(-E/(k_B T))
ⓘ
definition of kelvin before 2019 redefinition ⓘ ideal gas law ⓘ |
| usedToDefine |
entropy scale
ⓘ
thermal noise power ⓘ |
| value | 1.380649×10⁻²³ J/K ⓘ |
| yearDefined | 2019 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Boltzmann constant Description of subject: The Boltzmann constant is a fundamental physical constant that links temperature to energy at the particle level, playing a central role in statistical mechanics and thermodynamics.
Referenced by (34)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Boltzmann constant k_B
this entity surface form:
Boltzmann constant k
this entity surface form:
SI base unit definitions
this entity surface form:
Boltzmann constant k
this entity surface form:
Boltzmann constant k
CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants
→
includesConstant
→
Boltzmann constant
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Boltzmann constant k
subject surface form:
Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy
this entity surface form:
Boltzmann constant k
this entity surface form:
Boltzmann constant k_B
Dulong–Petit law for molar heat capacity of many solids at high temperature
→
involvesConstant
→
Boltzmann constant
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Boltzmann constant kB