Escherichia coli
E628999
Escherichia coli is a widely studied, rod-shaped bacterium commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals and extensively used as a model organism in microbiology and genetics.
All labels observed (12)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Escherichia coli canonical | 29 |
| Escherichia coli K-12 | 4 |
| Escherichia coli O157:H7 | 3 |
| Escherichia coli B | 2 |
| E. coli | 1 |
| E. coli K-12 | 1 |
| E. coli chromosome | 1 |
| Escherichia coli B strain | 1 |
| Escherichia coli C | 1 |
| Escherichia coli W | 1 |
| enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli | 1 |
| enteropathogenic Escherichia coli | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T6934259 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Escherichia coli Context triple: [Luria–Delbrück experiment, testedOrganism, Escherichia coli]
-
A.
Coliiformes
Coliiformes is an order of small, arboreal African birds known as mousebirds, characterized by soft plumage, long tails, and strong climbing abilities.
-
B.
Bacillus
Bacillus is a genus of rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacteria that includes both harmless environmental species and notable pathogens such as Bacillus anthracis.
-
C.
Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative, comma-shaped bacterium that causes the acute diarrheal disease cholera in humans.
-
D.
Yersinia
Yersinia is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes several pathogenic species, most notably Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague.
-
E.
Campylobacter
Campylobacter is a genus of bacteria that commonly causes foodborne gastrointestinal infections in humans, often associated with undercooked poultry.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Escherichia coli Target entity description: Escherichia coli is a widely studied, rod-shaped bacterium commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals and extensively used as a model organism in microbiology and genetics.
-
A.
Coliiformes
Coliiformes is an order of small, arboreal African birds known as mousebirds, characterized by soft plumage, long tails, and strong climbing abilities.
-
B.
Bacillus
Bacillus is a genus of rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacteria that includes both harmless environmental species and notable pathogens such as Bacillus anthracis.
-
C.
Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative, comma-shaped bacterium that causes the acute diarrheal disease cholera in humans.
-
D.
Yersinia
Yersinia is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes several pathogenic species, most notably Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague.
-
E.
Campylobacter
Campylobacter is a genus of bacteria that commonly causes foodborne gastrointestinal infections in humans, often associated with undercooked poultry.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
bacterium
ⓘ
model organism ⓘ |
| associatedWithDisease |
gastroenteritis
ⓘ
neonatal meningitis ⓘ urinary tract infections ⓘ |
| biosafetyLevel | BSL-2 for many laboratory strains ⓘ |
| cellDivision | binary fission ⓘ |
| cellShape | rod-shaped ⓘ |
| cellWallComponent | lipopolysaccharide ⓘ |
| chromosomeCount | 1 ⓘ |
| class | Gammaproteobacteria ⓘ |
| discoveredBy | Theodor Escherich ⓘ |
| discoveryYear | 1885 ⓘ |
| domain | Bacteria ⓘ |
| family |
Enterobacteriaceae
ⓘ
linked to:
Enterobacterales
|
| genomeType | circular double-stranded DNA ⓘ |
| genus | Escherichia ⓘ |
| gramStain | Gram-negative ⓘ |
| habitat |
human gastrointestinal tract
ⓘ
intestines of warm-blooded animals ⓘ |
| hasGenomeSequenced | yes ⓘ |
| isPartOf | human gut microbiota ⓘ |
| metabolism | chemoorganotrophic ⓘ |
| modelIn |
biotechnology
ⓘ
genetics ⓘ microbiology ⓘ molecular biology ⓘ |
| motility | motile ⓘ |
| motilityStructure | peritrichous flagella ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Theodor Escherich ⓘ |
| notableStrain |
Escherichia coli B
ⓘ
linked to:
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli K-12 ⓘ
linked to:
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli O157:H7 ⓘ
linked to:
Escherichia coli
|
| order | Enterobacterales ⓘ |
| oxygenRequirement | facultative anaerobe ⓘ |
| pathogenicStrains |
enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
ⓘ
linked to:
Escherichia coli
enteropathogenic Escherichia coli ⓘ
linked to:
Escherichia coli
enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ⓘ uropathogenic Escherichia coli ⓘ |
| phylum |
Pseudomonadota
ⓘ
linked to:
Proteobacteria
|
| plasmids | may contain plasmids ⓘ |
| reproductionRate | rapid under optimal conditions ⓘ |
| taxonRank | species ⓘ |
| temperatureOptimum | 37 °C ⓘ |
| usedAsIndicator | fecal contamination in water ⓘ |
| usedFor |
cloning of DNA
ⓘ
gene expression studies ⓘ metabolic engineering ⓘ recombinant protein production ⓘ vaccine production ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Escherichia coli Description of subject: Escherichia coli is a widely studied, rod-shaped bacterium commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals and extensively used as a model organism in microbiology and genetics.
Referenced by (46)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
Poisoned: The True Story of the Deadly E. Coli Outbreak That Changed the Way Americans Eat
→
mainSubject
→
Escherichia coli O157:H7
ⓘ
linked to: Escherichia coli
linked to: Escherichia coli
linked to: Escherichia coli
linked to: Escherichia coli
linked to: Escherichia coli
linked to: Escherichia coli
subject linked to:
bacteriophage T1
subject linked to:
bacteriophage T1
linked to: Escherichia coli
linked to: Escherichia coli
linked to: Escherichia coli
linked to: Escherichia coli
linked to: Escherichia coli
linked to: Escherichia coli
linked to: Escherichia coli
linked to: Escherichia coli
subject linked to:
Escherich
linked to: Escherichia coli
subject linked to:
bacteriophage T2
subject linked to:
bacteriophage T2
subject linked to:
bacteriophage T2
linked to: Escherichia coli
subject linked to:
EAEC
linked to: Escherichia coli