adenylyl cyclase
E874313
Adenylyl cyclase is a membrane-bound enzyme that converts ATP to the second messenger cyclic AMP, playing a central role in many signal transduction pathways.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| adenylyl cyclase canonical | 1 |
| adenylyl cyclase type 5 | 1 |
| adenylyl cyclase type 6 | 1 |
| adenylyl cyclase type 7 | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T10610002 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: adenylyl cyclase Context triple: [Gi protein, inhibits, adenylyl cyclase]
-
A.
Cdc28
Cdc28 is the major cyclin-dependent kinase in budding yeast that drives progression through the cell cycle by phosphorylating key regulatory proteins.
-
B.
EPAC
EPAC is a community-focused performing arts organization and venue based in Endicott, New York, known for staging theater, music, and cultural events.
-
C.
ase
"ase" is the ISO 639-3 language code assigned to American Sign Language, the primary sign language used by Deaf communities in the United States and parts of Canada.
-
D.
cytochrome P450 reductase
Cytochrome P450 reductase is a flavoprotein enzyme that transfers electrons from NADPH to cytochrome P450 enzymes, enabling their role in drug metabolism and biosynthesis of endogenous compounds.
-
E.
NADPH
NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form) is a key cellular coenzyme that donates electrons in biosynthetic reactions and antioxidant defense pathways.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: adenylyl cyclase Target entity description: Adenylyl cyclase is a membrane-bound enzyme that converts ATP to the second messenger cyclic AMP, playing a central role in many signal transduction pathways.
-
A.
Cdc28
Cdc28 is the major cyclin-dependent kinase in budding yeast that drives progression through the cell cycle by phosphorylating key regulatory proteins.
-
B.
EPAC
EPAC is a community-focused performing arts organization and venue based in Endicott, New York, known for staging theater, music, and cultural events.
-
C.
ase
"ase" is the ISO 639-3 language code assigned to American Sign Language, the primary sign language used by Deaf communities in the United States and parts of Canada.
-
D.
cytochrome P450 reductase
Cytochrome P450 reductase is a flavoprotein enzyme that transfers electrons from NADPH to cytochrome P450 enzymes, enabling their role in drug metabolism and biosynthesis of endogenous compounds.
-
E.
NADPH
NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form) is a key cellular coenzyme that donates electrons in biosynthetic reactions and antioxidant defense pathways.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (61)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
enzyme
ⓘ
lyase ⓘ membrane protein ⓘ |
| catalyzesReaction | ATP → cyclic AMP + pyrophosphate ⓘ |
| foundInTaxon |
Drosophila melanogaster
ⓘ
Escherichia coli ⓘ Homo sapiens ⓘ Mus musculus ⓘ |
| hasBiologicalProcess |
G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
ⓘ
cardiac muscle contraction ⓘ cyclic AMP biosynthetic process ⓘ glucagon signaling pathway ⓘ hormone-mediated signaling pathway ⓘ insulin secretion ⓘ learning and memory ⓘ olfactory signaling pathway ⓘ regulation of ion transport ⓘ regulation of metabolism ⓘ signal transduction ⓘ smooth muscle relaxation ⓘ visual phototransduction ⓘ |
| hasCellularComponent | integral component of membrane ⓘ |
| hasClinicalRelevance |
cardiomyopathy
ⓘ
drug addiction ⓘ endocrine disorders ⓘ heart failure ⓘ neurological disorders ⓘ type 2 diabetes mellitus ⓘ |
| hasECNumber | EC 4.6.1.1 ⓘ |
| hasIsoform |
adenylyl cyclase type 1
ⓘ
adenylyl cyclase type 2 ⓘ adenylyl cyclase type 3 ⓘ adenylyl cyclase type 4 ⓘ adenylyl cyclase type 5 ⓘ
linked to:
adenylyl cyclase
adenylyl cyclase type 6 ⓘ
linked to:
adenylyl cyclase
adenylyl cyclase type 7 ⓘ
linked to:
adenylyl cyclase
adenylyl cyclase type 8 ⓘ adenylyl cyclase type 9 ⓘ soluble adenylyl cyclase ⓘ |
| hasMolecularFunction |
ATP binding
ⓘ
adenylate cyclase activity ⓘ |
| hasSystematicName | ATP diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing) ⓘ |
| locatedIn |
membrane of intracellular organelles
ⓘ
plasma membrane ⓘ |
| partOf |
GPCR signaling cascade
ⓘ
adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway ⓘ adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway ⓘ adenylate cyclase-activating glucagon receptor signaling pathway ⓘ cAMP signaling pathway ⓘ |
| producesProduct |
cyclic AMP
ⓘ
pyrophosphate ⓘ |
| regulatedBy |
calcium ions
ⓘ
calmodulin ⓘ cholera toxin via Gs activation ⓘ forskolin ⓘ heterotrimeric G protein Gi alpha subunit ⓘ heterotrimeric G protein Gs alpha subunit ⓘ pertussis toxin via Gi inactivation ⓘ protein kinase A ⓘ protein kinase C ⓘ |
| usesSubstrate | ATP ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: adenylyl cyclase Description of subject: Adenylyl cyclase is a membrane-bound enzyme that converts ATP to the second messenger cyclic AMP, playing a central role in many signal transduction pathways.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: adenylyl cyclase
linked to: adenylyl cyclase
linked to: adenylyl cyclase