Codex Vaticanus
E19398
4th-century manuscript
Greek uncial manuscript
New Testament manuscript
Old Testament manuscript
biblical manuscript
Codex Vaticanus is a 4th-century Greek biblical manuscript held in the Vatican Library and regarded as one of the oldest and most important witnesses to the text of the Bible.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Codex Vaticanus canonical | 10 |
| Codex Vaticanus B | 1 |
| Codex Vaticanus Lat. 5001 | 1 |
| Vaticanus Graecus 1209 | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T157761 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Codex Vaticanus Context triple: [Septuagint, preservedIn, Codex Vaticanus]
-
A.
Codex
Codex is an AI system developed by OpenAI that translates natural language into code and powers tools like GitHub Copilot.
-
B.
New Testament manuscripts
New Testament manuscripts are ancient handwritten copies of the Christian New Testament texts, preserved in various languages and forms and serving as the primary evidence for reconstructing the original biblical writings.
-
C.
Septuagint
The Septuagint is an ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures that became the primary Old Testament text for early Christians and Greek-speaking Jews.
-
D.
Vulgate
The Vulgate is the late-4th-century Latin version of the Bible, traditionally attributed to St. Jerome, that became the Catholic Church’s standard biblical text for many centuries.
-
E.
Louis Segond Bible
The Louis Segond Bible is a widely used French Protestant translation of the Bible, first published in the late 19th century and known for its clear, classical language.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Codex Vaticanus Target entity description: Codex Vaticanus is a 4th-century Greek biblical manuscript held in the Vatican Library and regarded as one of the oldest and most important witnesses to the text of the Bible.
-
A.
Codex
Codex is an AI system developed by OpenAI that translates natural language into code and powers tools like GitHub Copilot.
-
B.
New Testament manuscripts
New Testament manuscripts are ancient handwritten copies of the Christian New Testament texts, preserved in various languages and forms and serving as the primary evidence for reconstructing the original biblical writings.
-
C.
Septuagint
The Septuagint is an ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures that became the primary Old Testament text for early Christians and Greek-speaking Jews.
-
D.
Vulgate
The Vulgate is the late-4th-century Latin version of the Bible, traditionally attributed to St. Jerome, that became the Catholic Church’s standard biblical text for many centuries.
-
E.
Louis Segond Bible
The Louis Segond Bible is a widely used French Protestant translation of the Bible, first published in the late 19th century and known for its clear, classical language.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
4th-century manuscript
ⓘ
Greek uncial manuscript ⓘ New Testament manuscript ⓘ Old Testament manuscript ⓘ biblical manuscript ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
03
ⓘ
B ⓘ Vaticanus Graecus 1209 ⓘ
linked to:
Codex Vaticanus
|
| associatedWithInstitution | Holy See ⓘ |
| columnsPerPage | 3 ⓘ |
| conservationStatus | well preserved for its age ⓘ |
| contains |
New Testament
ⓘ
Old Testament (Septuagint) ⓘ
linked to:
Septuagint
|
| containsOrderOfNTBooks | Gospels, Acts, Catholic Epistles, Pauline Epistles, Hebrews before Pastoral Epistles ⓘ |
| currentNumberOfLeaves | approximately 700+ ⓘ |
| dateOfOrigin | 4th century ⓘ |
| hasAccentsAndBreathings | partly added by later hands ⓘ |
| hasDigitalFacsimile | yes ⓘ |
| hasLaterCorrections | yes ⓘ |
| hasMarginalia | yes ⓘ |
| hasMissingPortions | yes ⓘ |
| inkColor | brown ⓘ |
| language | Koine Greek ⓘ |
| linesPerColumn | about 40–44 ⓘ |
| locationCity | Vatican City ⓘ |
| material | vellum ⓘ |
| missingContent |
1 Timothy
ⓘ
2 Timothy ⓘ
linked to:
Second Epistle to Timothy
Philemon ⓘ
linked to:
Epistle to Philemon
Revelation ⓘ Titus ⓘ end of Hebrews ⓘ most of Genesis ⓘ parts of Psalms ⓘ |
| originalNumberOfLeaves | approximately 759 ⓘ |
| placeHeld | Vatican Library ⓘ |
| scriptType | uncial script ⓘ |
| shelfMark | Vat. gr. 1209 ⓘ |
| significance |
one of the most important witnesses to the Septuagint
ⓘ
one of the most important witnesses to the text of the New Testament ⓘ one of the oldest extant manuscripts of the Greek Bible ⓘ |
| textType | Alexandrian text-type ⓘ |
| usedInCriticalEditions |
Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece
ⓘ
United Bible Societies Greek New Testament ⓘ |
| writingDirection | left-to-right ⓘ |
| writingMaterial | fine parchment ⓘ |
| writingSystem | Greek ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Codex Vaticanus Description of subject: Codex Vaticanus is a 4th-century Greek biblical manuscript held in the Vatican Library and regarded as one of the oldest and most important witnesses to the text of the Bible.
Referenced by (13)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Codex Vaticanus
subject linked to:
Pericope adulterae (John 7:53–8:11)
linked to: Codex Vaticanus
linked to: Codex Vaticanus