|
gptkbp:instance_of
|
gptkb:region
gptkb:Maya_civilization
|
|
gptkbp:artistic_expression
|
gptkb:literature
gptkb:sculpture
gptkb:music
|
|
gptkbp:constructed_in
|
gptkb:Bronze_Age
c. 4500 BC
|
|
gptkbp:contains_city
|
gptkb:Nippur
gptkb:Lagash
gptkb:Ur
gptkb:Uruk
|
|
gptkbp:contributed_to
|
gptkb:Mathematics
gptkb:astronomy
agriculture
|
|
gptkbp:created
|
gptkb:the_Epic_of_Gilgamesh
ziggurats
|
|
gptkbp:cultural_influence
|
gptkb:Phoenicians
gptkb:Hebrews
gptkb:Arabs
gptkb:Persians
gptkb:Romans
gptkb:Assyria
gptkb:Hittites
gptkb:Babylonia
gptkb:Akkad
Greeks
|
|
gptkbp:declined_in
|
2000 BC
Akkadian conquest
|
|
gptkbp:developed_by
|
agriculture
irrigation systems
the wheel
|
|
gptkbp:ended
|
c. 2000 BC
|
|
gptkbp:established
|
city-states
|
|
gptkbp:established_in
|
4500 BC
|
|
gptkbp:had
|
gptkb:merchants
gptkb:the_Code_of_Ur-Nammu
gptkb:artisans
social stratification
advanced architecture
ziggurats
polytheistic religion
a pantheon of gods
a rich mythology
a complex economy
a system of writing for record-keeping
a centralized government
mathematical base of 60
the Sumerian language
the Sumerian king list
|
|
gptkbp:had_calendar_system
|
lunar calendar
|
|
gptkbp:had_mathematical_concepts
|
base 60 system
|
|
https://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label
|
Sumer
|
|
gptkbp:included
|
gptkb:Lagash
gptkb:Ur
gptkb:Uruk
|
|
gptkbp:influenced
|
later civilizations
later Mesopotamian cultures
|
|
gptkbp:is_home_to
|
the first known schools
the first known cities
the first known writing system
|
|
gptkbp:is_inhabited_by
|
gptkb:Sumerians
various ethnic groups
skilled craftsmen
farmers and laborers
|
|
gptkbp:is_located_near
|
gptkb:the_Tigris_River
the Euphrates River
|
|
gptkbp:is_practiced_in
|
agriculture
animal husbandry
|
|
gptkbp:is_worshipped_by
|
gptkb:Enlil
gptkb:Inanna
gptkb:Anu
polytheistic gods
polytheistic deities
|
|
gptkbp:known_for
|
gptkb:Epic_of_Gilgamesh
cuneiform writing
|
|
gptkbp:language
|
gptkb:Sumerian
|
|
gptkbp:language_spoken
|
gptkb:Sumerian
|
|
gptkbp:legal_framework
|
gptkb:Code_of_Ur-Nammu
|
|
gptkbp:located_in
|
gptkb:Mesopotamia
|
|
gptkbp:military_unit
|
city-state armies
|
|
gptkbp:notable_city
|
gptkb:Palmyra
gptkb:Babylon
gptkb:Ugarit
gptkb:Tell_es-Sultan
gptkb:Nineveh
gptkb:Harran
gptkb:Niniveh
gptkb:Eridu
gptkb:Dura-Europos
gptkb:Adab
gptkb:Bad-tibira
gptkb:Girsu
gptkb:Karkemish
gptkb:Mari
gptkb:Tell_Leilan
gptkb:Tell_al-Muqayyar
gptkb:Tell_al-Sawwan
gptkb:Umma
gptkb:Nippur
gptkb:Sippar
gptkb:Akkad
gptkb:Erech
gptkb:Isin
gptkb:Kish
gptkb:Lagash
gptkb:Larsa
gptkb:Tell_Brak
gptkb:Ur
gptkb:Uruk
gptkb:Assur
Tell Abu Hureya
Kutha
Tadmor
Emar
Drehem
Kullab
Lugash
Tell al-Hawa
Tell al-Rimah
Zabalam
|
|
gptkbp:produced
|
gptkb:pottery
gptkb:poetry
gptkb:literature
gptkb:textiles
metalwork
|
|
gptkbp:social_structure
|
gptkb:Theosophical_Society
gptkb:clergy
gptkb:oppression
nobles
commoners
|
|
gptkbp:system
|
cuneiform
|
|
gptkbp:trade
|
goods with neighboring regions
|
|
gptkbp:trade_goods
|
gptkb:copper
gptkb:Egypt
gptkb:Persia
gptkb:Indus_Valley_Civilization
gptkb:Anatolia
gptkb:lapis_lazuli
gptkb:wheat
gptkb:silver
timber
|
|
gptkbp:uses
|
irrigation systems
cylindrical seals
|
|
gptkbp:was_followed_by
|
gptkb:Babylonian_Empire
gptkb:the_Assyrian_Empire
|
|
gptkbp:was_influenced_by
|
gptkb:Persian_Empire
the Ubaid culture
|
|
gptkbp:was_known_for
|
trade networks
its technological advancements
its laws
its literature
its cultural achievements
its religious texts
its religious practices
its innovations
its agricultural surplus
its festivals and rituals
its influence on later civilizations.
its trade with neighboring regions
|
|
gptkbp:was_part_of
|
gptkb:Maya_civilization
gptkb:the_Fertile_Crescent
|
|
gptkbp:bfsParent
|
gptkb:mythology
|
|
gptkbp:bfsLayer
|
3
|