Atlas-Centaur
E9534
Atlas-Centaur was an American expendable launch vehicle family that combined an Atlas booster with a high-energy Centaur upper stage to send payloads, including early interplanetary probes, into space.
All labels observed (8)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Atlas-Centaur canonical | 21 |
| Atlas-Centaur program | 2 |
| Atlas II with Centaur | 1 |
| Atlas III with Centaur | 1 |
| Atlas V with Centaur | 1 |
| Atlas–Centaur | 1 |
| Atlas–Centaur program | 1 |
| Centaur upper stage | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T81860 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Atlas-Centaur Context triple: [Pioneer plaque project, launchVehicle, Atlas-Centaur]
-
A.
Falcon 9 rocket
The Falcon 9 rocket is a partially reusable, two-stage orbital launch vehicle developed by SpaceX that has revolutionized commercial spaceflight through frequent, cost-effective missions and routine booster landings.
-
B.
Falcon Heavy rocket
The Falcon Heavy rocket is SpaceX’s heavy-lift launch vehicle capable of carrying large payloads to orbit using a reusable, triple-booster first stage.
-
C.
Falcon 1 rocket
Falcon 1 rocket is a small, privately developed orbital launch vehicle created by SpaceX that became the first privately built liquid-fueled rocket to reach orbit.
-
D.
Dragon spacecraft
The Dragon spacecraft is SpaceX’s reusable cargo and crew capsule designed to transport supplies and astronauts between Earth and the International Space Station and other orbital destinations.
-
E.
Starship launch system
The Starship launch system is SpaceX’s fully reusable, next-generation rocket designed for deep-space missions, including transporting humans and cargo to the Moon and Mars.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Atlas-Centaur Target entity description: Atlas-Centaur was an American expendable launch vehicle family that combined an Atlas booster with a high-energy Centaur upper stage to send payloads, including early interplanetary probes, into space.
-
A.
Falcon 9 rocket
The Falcon 9 rocket is a partially reusable, two-stage orbital launch vehicle developed by SpaceX that has revolutionized commercial spaceflight through frequent, cost-effective missions and routine booster landings.
-
B.
Falcon Heavy rocket
The Falcon Heavy rocket is SpaceX’s heavy-lift launch vehicle capable of carrying large payloads to orbit using a reusable, triple-booster first stage.
-
C.
Falcon 1 rocket
Falcon 1 rocket is a small, privately developed orbital launch vehicle created by SpaceX that became the first privately built liquid-fueled rocket to reach orbit.
-
D.
Dragon spacecraft
The Dragon spacecraft is SpaceX’s reusable cargo and crew capsule designed to transport supplies and astronauts between Earth and the International Space Station and other orbital destinations.
-
E.
Starship launch system
The Starship launch system is SpaceX’s fully reusable, next-generation rocket designed for deep-space missions, including transporting humans and cargo to the Moon and Mars.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf | expendable launch vehicle family ⓘ |
| agencyCustomer |
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
ⓘ
surface form:
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
|
| configuration | Atlas first stage with Centaur upper stage ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| designGoal | high-energy upper stage performance ⓘ |
| developedFrom | SM-65 Atlas ⓘ |
| era | Cold War space race ⓘ |
| familyMemberOf | Atlas launch vehicle family ⓘ |
| fuelTypeFirstStage | RP-1 ⓘ |
| guidanceSystem | inertial guidance ⓘ |
| heritage |
SM-65 Atlas
ⓘ
surface form:
Atlas missile program
|
| intendedUse |
interplanetary missions
ⓘ
orbital launches ⓘ |
| launchCapability |
escape trajectories for deep space missions
ⓘ
geostationary transfer orbit ⓘ |
| launchSitesUsed |
Cape Canaveral
ⓘ
surface form:
Cape Canaveral Air Force Station
Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 36 ⓘ Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 36 ⓘ
surface form:
Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 36A
Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 36 ⓘ
surface form:
Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 36B
|
| launchVehicleFamily | Atlas ⓘ |
| manufacturer |
Convair
ⓘ
General Dynamics ⓘ Lockheed Martin ⓘ |
| missionType |
communications satellite launches
ⓘ
planetary probe launches ⓘ weather satellite launches ⓘ |
| notableContribution | enabled early U.S. interplanetary exploration ⓘ |
| notableFeature | first operational rocket to use liquid hydrogen as fuel ⓘ |
| notablePayload |
Mariner interplanetary probes
ⓘ
Pioneer interplanetary probes ⓘ Surveyor lunar landers ⓘ |
| operator |
NASA
ⓘ
United States Air Force ⓘ |
| oxidizerFirstStage | liquid oxygen ⓘ |
| propellantTypeUpperStage |
liquid hydrogen
ⓘ
liquid oxygen ⓘ |
| reusability | expendable ⓘ |
| status | retired ⓘ |
| successor |
Atlas-Centaur
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Atlas II with Centaur
Atlas-Centaur self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Atlas III with Centaur
Atlas-Centaur self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Atlas V with Centaur
|
| technology | cryogenic upper stage ⓘ |
| upperStage | Centaur ⓘ |
| upperStageEngineType | RL10 ⓘ |
| upperStageStructure | pressure-stabilized balloon tank design ⓘ |
| usedFor |
NASA missions
ⓘ
United States Air Force missions ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Atlas-Centaur Description of subject: Atlas-Centaur was an American expendable launch vehicle family that combined an Atlas booster with a high-energy Centaur upper stage to send payloads, including early interplanetary probes, into space.
Referenced by (29)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Centaur upper stage
this entity surface form:
Atlas II with Centaur
this entity surface form:
Atlas III with Centaur
this entity surface form:
Atlas V with Centaur
this entity surface form:
Atlas-Centaur program
this entity surface form:
Atlas–Centaur program
this entity surface form:
Atlas–Centaur
this entity surface form:
Atlas-Centaur program