Centaur
E52126
Centaur is a pioneering high-energy rocket upper stage developed by the United States, notable for its use of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen to boost payloads into high orbits and interplanetary trajectories.
All labels observed (8)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Centaur canonical | 10 |
| Centaur D | 2 |
| Centaur G | 2 |
| Centaur D-1A | 1 |
| Centaur D-1T | 1 |
| Centaur II | 1 |
| Centaur III | 1 |
| Centaur family | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T413155 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Centaur Context triple: [Atlas-Centaur, upperStage, Centaur]
-
A.
Aquila
Aquila is a genus of large, powerful birds of prey that includes several species of true eagles found across much of the world.
-
B.
Heer
The Heer was the land-based component of Nazi Germany’s armed forces, serving as its primary army during World War II.
-
C.
Pól
Pól is the Irish-language form of the given name Paul.
-
D.
Alquízar
Alquízar is a Cuban town and municipality located in the western part of the island within the province of La Habana.
-
E.
Thersander
Thersander is a figure in Greek mythology, known as a descendant of the royal house of Thebes and one of the Epigoni who attacked the city.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Centaur Target entity description: Centaur is a pioneering high-energy rocket upper stage developed by the United States, notable for its use of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen to boost payloads into high orbits and interplanetary trajectories.
-
A.
Aquila
Aquila is a genus of large, powerful birds of prey that includes several species of true eagles found across much of the world.
-
B.
Heer
The Heer was the land-based component of Nazi Germany’s armed forces, serving as its primary army during World War II.
-
C.
Pól
Pól is the Irish-language form of the given name Paul.
-
D.
Alquízar
Alquízar is a Cuban town and municipality located in the western part of the island within the province of La Habana.
-
E.
Thersander
Thersander is a figure in Greek mythology, known as a descendant of the royal house of Thebes and one of the Epigoni who attacked the city.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (52)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
cryogenic rocket stage
ⓘ
rocket upper stage ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| designEvolution |
Centaur
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Centaur D
Centaur self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Centaur G
Centaur self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Centaur II
Centaur self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Centaur III
Vulcan Centaur ⓘ
surface form:
Centaur V
|
| designGoal | provide high delta-v for upper-stage missions ⓘ |
| developedBy |
Convair
ⓘ
General Dynamics ⓘ NASA ⓘ United States Air Force ⓘ |
| engineManufacturer | Aerojet Rocketdyne ⓘ |
| engineType | RL10 ⓘ |
| firstFlightDate | 1962-05-08 ⓘ |
| firstFlightVehicle | Atlas LV-3C Centaur ⓘ |
| fuelTankMaterial | stainless steel ⓘ |
| guidanceSystem | inertial guidance ⓘ |
| manufacturer |
General Dynamics
ⓘ
Lockheed Martin ⓘ United Launch Alliance ⓘ |
| notableFeature |
first operational cryogenic upper stage
ⓘ
pioneering use of liquid hydrogen fuel ⓘ |
| operator | United Launch Alliance ⓘ |
| orbitCapability |
Earth escape trajectories
ⓘ
low Earth orbit to geostationary transfer orbit ⓘ |
| oxidizerType | liquid oxygen ⓘ |
| primaryFunction |
boosting payloads onto interplanetary trajectories
ⓘ
boosting payloads to high Earth orbits ⓘ high-energy upper stage for orbital insertion ⓘ |
| propellantType | liquid hydrogen ⓘ |
| propulsionType | liquid-fueled rocket engine ⓘ |
| status | operational ⓘ |
| tankDesign | pressure-stabilized balloon tank ⓘ |
| typicalMissions |
geostationary transfer orbit insertion
ⓘ
high-energy Earth escape missions ⓘ planetary probe injection ⓘ |
| usedForMission |
Cassini–Huygens
ⓘ
surface form:
Cassini–Huygens mission
Mars orbiter and lander missions ⓘ New Horizons ⓘ
surface form:
New Horizons mission
Pioneer planetary missions ⓘ Surveyor lunar lander launches ⓘ Voyager program ⓘ
surface form:
Voyager missions
|
| usedOnLaunchVehicle |
Atlas II
ⓘ
Atlas III ⓘ Atlas V ⓘ Atlas-Centaur ⓘ Titan IIIE ⓘ Titan IV ⓘ Vulcan Centaur ⓘ |
| usesPropellantCombination | liquid hydrogen–liquid oxygen ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Centaur Description of subject: Centaur is a pioneering high-energy rocket upper stage developed by the United States, notable for its use of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen to boost payloads into high orbits and interplanetary trajectories.
Referenced by (19)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Centaur D-1T
this entity surface form:
Centaur family
this entity surface form:
Centaur D
this entity surface form:
Centaur G
this entity surface form:
Centaur II
this entity surface form:
Centaur III
this entity surface form:
Centaur G
this entity surface form:
Centaur D
this entity surface form:
Centaur D-1A