Norman states in Southern Italy

Target entity: Norman states in Southern Italy
Context triple: [Lombard principalities, followedBy, Norman states in Southern Italy]

• A. Duchy of Apulia and Calabria
  The Duchy of Apulia and Calabria was a medieval Norman-ruled state in southern Italy that played a key role in the formation of the Kingdom of Sicily.
• B. Norman Principality of Melfi
  The Norman Principality of Melfi was a medieval Norman-ruled state in southern Italy that served as an important political and military center during the 11th century.
• C. Norman conquest of southern Italy
  The Norman conquest of southern Italy was an 11th-century series of military campaigns by Norman adventurers that led to their control over much of southern Italy and Sicily, reshaping the region’s political and cultural landscape.
• D. County of Sicily
  The County of Sicily was a Norman-ruled medieval state in southern Italy that served as the political foundation for the later Kingdom of Sicily.
• E. Duchy of Calabria
  The Duchy of Calabria was a medieval Byzantine and later Norman-ruled territorial division in southern Italy, centered on parts of present-day Calabria and often used as a title for regional rulers.
• F. None of above. chosen
• G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Target entity: Norman states in Southern Italy
Target entity description: The Norman states in Southern Italy were a collection of medieval polities established by Norman adventurers that eventually coalesced into the powerful Kingdom of Sicily, reshaping the political and cultural landscape of the central Mediterranean.

• A. Duchy of Apulia and Calabria
  The Duchy of Apulia and Calabria was a medieval Norman-ruled state in southern Italy that played a key role in the formation of the Kingdom of Sicily.
• B. Norman Principality of Melfi
  The Norman Principality of Melfi was a medieval Norman-ruled state in southern Italy that served as an important political and military center during the 11th century.
• C. Norman conquest of southern Italy
  The Norman conquest of southern Italy was an 11th-century series of military campaigns by Norman adventurers that led to their control over much of southern Italy and Sicily, reshaping the region’s political and cultural landscape.
• D. County of Sicily
  The County of Sicily was a Norman-ruled medieval state in southern Italy that served as the political foundation for the later Kingdom of Sicily.
• E. Duchy of Calabria
  The Duchy of Calabria was a medieval Byzantine and later Norman-ruled territorial division in southern Italy, centered on parts of present-day Calabria and often used as a title for regional rulers.
• F. None of above. chosen