Artaxerxes
E486418
Artaxerxes was the regnal name of several Achaemenid Persian kings, most notably Artaxerxes I, II, and III, who ruled the Persian Empire in the 5th–4th centuries BCE.
All labels observed (6)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Artaxerxes canonical | 2 |
| Artaxerxes (Hellenized form) | 1 |
| Artaxerxes court | 1 |
| Greek Ἀρταξέρξης (Artaxérxēs) | 1 |
| King Artaxerxes | 1 |
| King Artaxerxes II of Persia | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4820493 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Artaxerxes Context triple: [Artaxerxes III, givenName, Artaxerxes]
-
A.
Artaxerxes I of Persia
Artaxerxes I of Persia was a 5th-century BCE Achaemenid king best known for ruling a vast Persian Empire and appearing in biblical history as the monarch who interacted with Jewish leaders during the restoration of Jerusalem.
-
B.
Xerxes II of Persia
Xerxes II of Persia was a short-reigning Achaemenid king who briefly ruled the Persian Empire in the 5th century BCE before being assassinated amid dynastic struggles.
-
C.
Artaxerxes II
Artaxerxes II was a long-reigning 4th-century BCE Persian king of the Achaemenid dynasty, known for internal revolts and conflicts with Greek city-states during his rule.
-
D.
Xerxes I
Xerxes I was a 5th-century BCE king of the Achaemenid Persian Empire best known for his massive invasion of Greece, including the battles of Thermopylae and Salamis.
-
E.
Artaserse
Artaserse is an opera seria by Johann Christian Bach, composed in the 18th century and based on a libretto by Metastasio about the Persian king Artaxerxes.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Artaxerxes Target entity description: Artaxerxes was the regnal name of several Achaemenid Persian kings, most notably Artaxerxes I, II, and III, who ruled the Persian Empire in the 5th–4th centuries BCE.
-
A.
Artaxerxes I of Persia
Artaxerxes I of Persia was a 5th-century BCE Achaemenid king best known for ruling a vast Persian Empire and appearing in biblical history as the monarch who interacted with Jewish leaders during the restoration of Jerusalem.
-
B.
Xerxes II of Persia
Xerxes II of Persia was a short-reigning Achaemenid king who briefly ruled the Persian Empire in the 5th century BCE before being assassinated amid dynastic struggles.
-
C.
Artaxerxes II
Artaxerxes II was a long-reigning 4th-century BCE Persian king of the Achaemenid dynasty, known for internal revolts and conflicts with Greek city-states during his rule.
-
D.
Xerxes I
Xerxes I was a 5th-century BCE king of the Achaemenid Persian Empire best known for his massive invasion of Greece, including the battles of Thermopylae and Salamis.
-
E.
Artaserse
Artaserse is an opera seria by Johann Christian Bach, composed in the 18th century and based on a libretto by Metastasio about the Persian king Artaxerxes.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Achaemenid king
ⓘ
Achaemenid king ⓘ Achaemenid king ⓘ Persian royal name ⓘ regnal name ⓘ |
| associatedWithDynasty | Achaemenid dynasty ⓘ |
| associatedWithRegion |
Ancient Persia
ⓘ
linked to:
Persia
|
| capital |
Persepolis
ⓘ
Susa ⓘ |
| deathCause | assassination ⓘ |
| dynasty | Achaemenid dynasty ⓘ |
| father | Xerxes I ⓘ |
| heldBy | Achaemenid kings ⓘ |
| knownFor |
centralizing royal authority
ⓘ
conflict with his brother Cyrus the Younger ⓘ conflicts with Greece ⓘ involvement in the Battle of Cunaxa ⓘ longest reign of any Achaemenid king ⓘ reconquest of Egypt ⓘ supporting rebuilding of Jerusalem’s walls ⓘ |
| languageOfName | Old Persian ⓘ |
| nameType | throne name ⓘ |
| notablyHeldBy |
Artaxerxes I of Persia
ⓘ
Artaxerxes II of Persia ⓘ
linked to:
Artaxerxes II
Artaxerxes III of Persia ⓘ
linked to:
Artaxerxes III
|
| predecessor |
Artaxerxes II
ⓘ
Darius II ⓘ
linked to:
Darius II of Persia
Xerxes I ⓘ |
| reignEnd |
338 BCE
ⓘ
358 BCE ⓘ 424 BCE ⓘ |
| reignStart |
358 BCE
ⓘ
404 BCE ⓘ 465 BCE ⓘ |
| ruled | Achaemenid Empire ⓘ |
| successor |
Artaxerxes III
ⓘ
Artaxerxes IV Arses ⓘ Xerxes II ⓘ
linked to:
Xerxes II of Persia
|
| transliteratedFrom |
Greek Ἀρταξέρξης (Artaxérxēs)
ⓘ
linked to:
Artaxerxes
|
| usedBy |
Artaxerxes I
ⓘ
linked to:
Artaxerxes I of Persia
Artaxerxes II ⓘ Artaxerxes III ⓘ |
| usedByRulersOf |
Persian Empire
ⓘ
linked to:
Achaemenid Empire
|
| usedInCentury |
4th century BCE
ⓘ
5th century BCE ⓘ |
| usedInDynasty | Achaemenid Empire ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Artaxerxes Description of subject: Artaxerxes was the regnal name of several Achaemenid Persian kings, most notably Artaxerxes I, II, and III, who ruled the Persian Empire in the 5th–4th centuries BCE.
Referenced by (7)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Artaxerxes
linked to: Artaxerxes
linked to: Artaxerxes
linked to: Artaxerxes
linked to: Artaxerxes