Palmyrene Empire

Target entity: Palmyrene Empire
Context triple: [Crisis of the Third Century, separatedInto, Palmyrene Empire]

• A. Nabataean kingdom
  The Nabataean kingdom was an ancient Arab state centered on the city of Petra that flourished as a major trading hub in the Near East from around the 4th century BCE until its annexation by the Roman Empire.
• B. Ptolemaic Kingdom
  The Ptolemaic Kingdom was a Hellenistic state in Egypt ruled by the Greek Ptolemaic dynasty from the late 4th century BC until the Roman conquest, known for its fusion of Greek and Egyptian culture and its major role in Mediterranean politics.
• C. Hittite Empire
  The Hittite Empire was a powerful ancient Near Eastern civilization centered in Anatolia that flourished in the second millennium BCE and rivaled Egypt and Mesopotamia in political and military strength.
• D. Kingdom of Urartu
  The Kingdom of Urartu was an Iron Age kingdom centered around Lake Van in the Armenian Highlands, known for its advanced fortress architecture, irrigation systems, and as a major rival of Assyria in the Near East.
• E. Hellenistic kingdoms
  The Hellenistic kingdoms were successor states to Alexander the Great’s empire, characterized by Greek-speaking monarchies that ruled over diverse populations across the eastern Mediterranean and Near East.
• F. None of above. chosen
• G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Target entity: Palmyrene Empire
Target entity description: The Palmyrene Empire was a short-lived breakaway state centered on the city of Palmyra in Syria that, under Queen Zenobia in the 3rd century CE, controlled much of the Roman East before being reconquered by Rome.

• A. Nabataean kingdom
  The Nabataean kingdom was an ancient Arab state centered on the city of Petra that flourished as a major trading hub in the Near East from around the 4th century BCE until its annexation by the Roman Empire.
• B. Ptolemaic Kingdom
  The Ptolemaic Kingdom was a Hellenistic state in Egypt ruled by the Greek Ptolemaic dynasty from the late 4th century BC until the Roman conquest, known for its fusion of Greek and Egyptian culture and its major role in Mediterranean politics.
• C. Hittite Empire
  The Hittite Empire was a powerful ancient Near Eastern civilization centered in Anatolia that flourished in the second millennium BCE and rivaled Egypt and Mesopotamia in political and military strength.
• D. Kingdom of Urartu
  The Kingdom of Urartu was an Iron Age kingdom centered around Lake Van in the Armenian Highlands, known for its advanced fortress architecture, irrigation systems, and as a major rival of Assyria in the Near East.
• E. Hellenistic kingdoms
  The Hellenistic kingdoms were successor states to Alexander the Great’s empire, characterized by Greek-speaking monarchies that ruled over diverse populations across the eastern Mediterranean and Near East.
• F. None of above. chosen