Bardeen–Stephen model of flux flow in superconductors
E37417
The Bardeen–Stephen model of flux flow in superconductors is a theoretical framework that describes how magnetic vortices move and dissipate energy in type-II superconductors under applied currents and fields.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Bardeen–Stephen model of flux flow in superconductors canonical | 1 |
| Nozières–Vinen model of vortex motion | 1 |
| Theory of the Motion of Vortices in Superconductors | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T292610 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bardeen–Stephen model of flux flow in superconductors Context triple: [Bardeen, hasNotableScientificAssociation, Bardeen–Stephen model of flux flow in superconductors]
-
A.
Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity
The Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity is a phenomenological framework that describes superconductors using a complex order parameter and macroscopic equations to capture phase transitions, coherence length, and magnetic behavior.
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B.
BCS theory of superconductivity
The BCS theory of superconductivity is a fundamental microscopic theory that explains superconductivity through the formation of Cooper pairs of electrons and their collective quantum behavior in a solid.
-
C.
Meissner effect
The Meissner effect is the phenomenon in which a superconductor expels magnetic fields from its interior when cooled below its critical temperature, leading to perfect diamagnetism.
-
D.
London equations
The London equations are fundamental relations in superconductivity that describe how magnetic fields behave inside superconductors, capturing key features like the Meissner effect and zero electrical resistance.
-
E.
Cooper pair
A Cooper pair is a bound state of two electrons (or other fermions) that move together in a correlated way, enabling superconductivity by forming a collective quantum state with zero electrical resistance.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bardeen–Stephen model of flux flow in superconductors Target entity description: The Bardeen–Stephen model of flux flow in superconductors is a theoretical framework that describes how magnetic vortices move and dissipate energy in type-II superconductors under applied currents and fields.
-
A.
Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity
The Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity is a phenomenological framework that describes superconductors using a complex order parameter and macroscopic equations to capture phase transitions, coherence length, and magnetic behavior.
-
B.
BCS theory of superconductivity
The BCS theory of superconductivity is a fundamental microscopic theory that explains superconductivity through the formation of Cooper pairs of electrons and their collective quantum behavior in a solid.
-
C.
Meissner effect
The Meissner effect is the phenomenon in which a superconductor expels magnetic fields from its interior when cooled below its critical temperature, leading to perfect diamagnetism.
-
D.
London equations
The London equations are fundamental relations in superconductivity that describe how magnetic fields behave inside superconductors, capturing key features like the Meissner effect and zero electrical resistance.
-
E.
Cooper pair
A Cooper pair is a bound state of two electrons (or other fermions) that move together in a correlated way, enabling superconductivity by forming a collective quantum state with zero electrical resistance.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
model in superconductivity
ⓘ
phenomenological theory ⓘ theoretical model ⓘ |
| appliesTo | type-II superconductors ⓘ |
| approximates | vortex core as a cylinder of normal metal ⓘ |
| approximationType | macroscopic, continuum description of vortices ⓘ |
| assumes |
Ohmic dissipation in the vortex core
ⓘ
normal core inside each vortex ⓘ normal-state like resistivity in the vortex core ⓘ steady-state vortex motion ⓘ uniform current distribution on scales larger than vortex spacing ⓘ |
| basedOn |
Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity
ⓘ
surface form:
time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau theory (phenomenologically)
|
| category |
mixed-state transport theory
ⓘ
vortex dynamics model ⓘ |
| comparedWith |
Bardeen–Stephen model of flux flow in superconductors
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Nozières–Vinen model of vortex motion
|
| coreIdea | vortex motion produces an effective resistivity due to normal electrons in the core ⓘ |
| describes |
energy dissipation due to vortex motion
ⓘ
flux flow ⓘ flux-flow resistivity ⓘ motion of Abrikosov vortices ⓘ viscous drag on vortices ⓘ |
| field |
condensed matter physics
ⓘ
superconductivity ⓘ |
| givesFormulaFor | flux-flow resistivity ρ_ff ≈ ρ_n (B / Hc2) ⓘ |
| influenced | later theories of vortex dynamics ⓘ |
| introducedBy |
John Bardeen
ⓘ
Michael Stephen ⓘ |
| neglects |
Hall effect of vortices
ⓘ
inertial effects of vortices ⓘ pinning of vortices ⓘ |
| predicts |
flux-flow resistivity proportional to magnetic field
ⓘ
linear current–voltage characteristics in the flux-flow regime ⓘ vortex viscosity coefficient ⓘ |
| publishedIn | Physical Review ⓘ |
| relates |
flux-flow resistivity to normal-state resistivity
ⓘ
vortex velocity to Lorentz force and viscous drag ⓘ |
| titleOfOriginalPaper |
Bardeen–Stephen model of flux flow in superconductors
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Theory of the Motion of Vortices in Superconductors
|
| usedFor |
estimating vortex viscosity from experiments
ⓘ
interpreting transport measurements in the mixed state ⓘ modeling flux-flow resistive transitions ⓘ |
| usesConcept |
upper critical field Hc2
ⓘ
vortex core radius of order coherence length ⓘ |
| validInRegime |
moderate magnetic fields below Hc2
ⓘ
temperatures not too far below Tc ⓘ |
| yearProposed | 1965 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Bardeen–Stephen model of flux flow in superconductors Description of subject: The Bardeen–Stephen model of flux flow in superconductors is a theoretical framework that describes how magnetic vortices move and dissipate energy in type-II superconductors under applied currents and fields.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
Bardeen–Stephen model of flux flow in superconductors
→
titleOfOriginalPaper
→
Bardeen–Stephen model of flux flow in superconductors
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Theory of the Motion of Vortices in Superconductors
Bardeen–Stephen model of flux flow in superconductors
→
comparedWith
→
Bardeen–Stephen model of flux flow in superconductors
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Nozières–Vinen model of vortex motion