Everson v. Board of Education
E34342
Everson v. Board of Education is a 1947 U.S. Supreme Court case that applied the First Amendment’s Establishment Clause to the states and articulated the modern “wall of separation between church and state” doctrine.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Everson v. Board of Education canonical | 10 |
| Epperson v. Arkansas | 1 |
| Everson v. Board of Education of the Township of Ewing | 1 |
| Everson v. Board of Education, 330 U.S. 1 (1947) | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T252976 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Everson v. Board of Education Context triple: [Establishment Clause, incorporatedByCase, Everson v. Board of Education]
-
A.
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District is a 1969 U.S. Supreme Court case that established students do not lose their First Amendment free speech rights at school, so long as their expression does not substantially disrupt the educational environment.
-
B.
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Lemon v. Kurtzman is a 1971 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the "Lemon test" for determining whether government actions violate the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.
-
C.
Engel v. Vitale
Engel v. Vitale is a 1962 U.S. Supreme Court case that ruled state-sponsored prayer in public schools unconstitutional under the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.
-
D.
Wisconsin v. Yoder
Wisconsin v. Yoder is a landmark 1972 U.S. Supreme Court case that held compulsory school attendance laws could not be applied in a way that violated Amish parents’ religious freedom.
-
E.
Doe v. Bolton
Doe v. Bolton is a 1973 U.S. Supreme Court decision that, alongside Roe v. Wade, expanded and defined the scope of abortion rights by striking down restrictive state regulations.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Everson v. Board of Education Target entity description: Everson v. Board of Education is a 1947 U.S. Supreme Court case that applied the First Amendment’s Establishment Clause to the states and articulated the modern “wall of separation between church and state” doctrine.
-
A.
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District is a 1969 U.S. Supreme Court case that established students do not lose their First Amendment free speech rights at school, so long as their expression does not substantially disrupt the educational environment.
-
B.
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Lemon v. Kurtzman is a 1971 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the "Lemon test" for determining whether government actions violate the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.
-
C.
Engel v. Vitale
Engel v. Vitale is a 1962 U.S. Supreme Court case that ruled state-sponsored prayer in public schools unconstitutional under the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.
-
D.
Wisconsin v. Yoder
Wisconsin v. Yoder is a landmark 1972 U.S. Supreme Court case that held compulsory school attendance laws could not be applied in a way that violated Amish parents’ religious freedom.
-
E.
Doe v. Bolton
Doe v. Bolton is a 1973 U.S. Supreme Court decision that, alongside Roe v. Wade, expanded and defined the scope of abortion rights by striking down restrictive state regulations.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Establishment Clause case
ⓘ
United States Supreme Court case ⓘ landmark case ⓘ |
| appliedThrough | Fourteenth Amendment ⓘ |
| appliedTo | states ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
church–state relations
ⓘ
constitutional law ⓘ |
| arguedUnder | First Amendment to the United States Constitution ⓘ |
| citation | 330 U.S. 1 ⓘ |
| citedPhraseSource | Jefferson’s letter to the Danbury Baptists ⓘ |
| citedSource |
Notes on the State of Virginia
ⓘ
surface form:
writings of Thomas Jefferson
|
| concerns |
reimbursement of transportation costs for children attending parochial schools
ⓘ
use of public funds in relation to religious schools ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionInterpreted |
Establishment Clause
ⓘ
surface form:
First Amendment Establishment Clause
Due Process Clause ⓘ
surface form:
Fourteenth Amendment Due Process Clause
|
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| courtTerm | October Term 1946 ⓘ |
| decidedBy | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 1947-02-10 ⓘ |
| dissentingOpinionBy |
Felix Frankfurter
ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Felix Frankfurter
Justice Frank Murphy ⓘ Robert H. Jackson ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Robert H. Jackson
Justice Wiley B. Rutledge ⓘ |
| fullCaseName |
Everson v. Board of Education
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Everson v. Board of Education of the Township of Ewing
|
| hasJurisdiction |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| held |
Establishment Clause applies to state and local governments
ⓘ
reimbursement for transportation to parochial schools did not violate the Establishment Clause ⓘ |
| influenced | subsequent Establishment Clause jurisprudence ⓘ |
| involvesClause | Establishment Clause ⓘ |
| joinedByInMajority |
Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson
ⓘ
Justice Harold H. Burton ⓘ Justice Stanley Reed ⓘ William O. Douglas ⓘ
surface form:
Justice William O. Douglas
|
| keyPhrase | wall of separation between church and state ⓘ |
| languageOfProceedings | English ⓘ |
| legalDoctrineArticulated | wall of separation between church and state ⓘ |
| legalIssue | whether a New Jersey statute violated the Establishment Clause ⓘ |
| majorityOpinionBy |
Hugo L. Black
ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Hugo Black
|
| originatedIn |
New Jersey, United States
ⓘ
surface form:
New Jersey
|
| party |
Arch R. Everson
ⓘ
Board of Education of the Township of Ewing ⓘ |
| relatedConcept | incorporation doctrine ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Engel v. Vitale
ⓘ
Lemon v. Kurtzman ⓘ Reynolds v. United States ⓘ |
| stateLawChallenged | New Jersey statute authorizing reimbursement for transportation to schools ⓘ |
| vote | 5–4 ⓘ |
| yearDecided | 1947 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Everson v. Board of Education Description of subject: Everson v. Board of Education is a 1947 U.S. Supreme Court case that applied the First Amendment’s Establishment Clause to the states and articulated the modern “wall of separation between church and state” doctrine.
Referenced by (13)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Epperson v. Arkansas
Everson v. Board of Education
→
fullCaseName
→
Everson v. Board of Education
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Everson v. Board of Education of the Township of Ewing
United States Supreme Court cases of the Stone Court
→
includesCase
→
Everson v. Board of Education
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Everson v. Board of Education, 330 U.S. 1 (1947)
United States Supreme Court cases of the Vinson Court
→
notableCase
→
Everson v. Board of Education
ⓘ