Sarah Collins Rudolph
E155353
Sarah Collins Rudolph is an American woman known as the “fifth little girl,” the surviving sister of 16th Street Baptist Church bombing victim Addie Mae Collins and herself a wounded survivor of that 1963 Ku Klux Klan attack in Birmingham, Alabama.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Sarah Collins Rudolph canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T857872 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Sarah Collins Rudolph Context triple: [Addie Mae Collins, sibling, Sarah Collins Rudolph]
-
A.
Amy Catherine Robbins
Amy Catherine Robbins was the long-time partner and later wife of English writer H. G. Wells, known for her supportive role in his personal and professional life.
-
B.
Katherine Puening
Katherine Puening, better known as Kitty Oppenheimer, was a German-born American biologist and former Communist Party member who became the wife and close confidante of physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer.
-
C.
Lisa Rogers
Lisa Rogers is a member of the Rogers family, known as the daughter of Canadian businessman and media magnate Ted Rogers.
-
D.
Janel Moloney
Janel Moloney is an American actress best known for her role as Donna Moss on the political drama television series "The West Wing."
-
E.
Colleen Sostorics
Colleen Sostorics is a Canadian former ice hockey defenceman and three-time Olympic gold medallist who starred with the national women’s team.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Sarah Collins Rudolph Target entity description: Sarah Collins Rudolph is an American woman known as the “fifth little girl,” the surviving sister of 16th Street Baptist Church bombing victim Addie Mae Collins and herself a wounded survivor of that 1963 Ku Klux Klan attack in Birmingham, Alabama.
-
A.
Amy Catherine Robbins
Amy Catherine Robbins was the long-time partner and later wife of English writer H. G. Wells, known for her supportive role in his personal and professional life.
-
B.
Katherine Puening
Katherine Puening, better known as Kitty Oppenheimer, was a German-born American biologist and former Communist Party member who became the wife and close confidante of physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer.
-
C.
Lisa Rogers
Lisa Rogers is a member of the Rogers family, known as the daughter of Canadian businessman and media magnate Ted Rogers.
-
D.
Janel Moloney
Janel Moloney is an American actress best known for her role as Donna Moss on the political drama television series "The West Wing."
-
E.
Colleen Sostorics
Colleen Sostorics is a Canadian former ice hockey defenceman and three-time Olympic gold medallist who starred with the national women’s team.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
American civil rights figure
ⓘ
human ⓘ |
| advocatesFor |
racial justice
ⓘ
recognition of bombing victims ⓘ reparations for survivors of racial violence ⓘ |
| associatedWithOrganization | civil rights and church groups in Birmingham ⓘ |
| associatedWithPlace |
16th Street Baptist Church
ⓘ
surface form:
16th Street Baptist Church, Birmingham
|
| childhoodEvent | present in basement restroom of 16th Street Baptist Church during bombing ⓘ |
| commemoratedIn | civil rights histories of Birmingham ⓘ |
| connectedToEvent | Ku Klux Klan terrorism in the 1960s American South ⓘ |
| countryOfCitizenship | United States of America ⓘ |
| ethnicGroup |
Black Americans
ⓘ
surface form:
African American
|
| gender | female ⓘ |
| hasAlias |
"the fifth little girl"
ⓘ
Sarah Jean Collins ⓘ |
| hasBiographicalTheme |
memory of the civil rights movement
ⓘ
survival and resilience after racial violence ⓘ |
| hasEyeInjury | yes ⓘ |
| hasLegalAdvocacyFor | official state recognition and compensation for bombing survivors ⓘ |
| hasNotableQuoteAbout | forgiveness and justice regarding the bombing ⓘ |
| injuryCause | shrapnel from 16th Street Baptist Church bombing ⓘ |
| languageSpoken | English ⓘ |
| livedThrough |
Jim Crow laws
ⓘ
surface form:
Jim Crow era in Alabama
|
| movement | American civil rights movement ⓘ |
| name | Sarah Collins Rudolph self-link ⓘ |
| notableFor |
being known as the "fifth little girl"
ⓘ
surviving the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing ⓘ |
| occupation |
author
ⓘ
public speaker ⓘ |
| placeOfBirth |
Birmingham, Alabama, United States
ⓘ
surface form:
Birmingham, Alabama
|
| relativeKilledInEvent | Addie Mae Collins ⓘ |
| religion | Baptist ⓘ |
| residence | Alabama ⓘ |
| sibling | Addie Mae Collins ⓘ |
| spokeAt |
civil rights remembrance events in Birmingham
ⓘ
commemorations of the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing ⓘ |
| spouse | George Rudolph ⓘ |
| subjectOf |
book "The 5th Little Girl"
ⓘ
documentaries about the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing ⓘ news interviews on major U.S. networks ⓘ |
| survivedEvent |
16th Street Baptist Church
ⓘ
surface form:
16th Street Baptist Church bombing
|
| testifiedAbout | experiences during the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing ⓘ |
| victimOf |
Ku Klux Klan
ⓘ
surface form:
Ku Klux Klan violence
racially motivated domestic terrorism ⓘ |
| woundedIn |
16th Street Baptist Church
ⓘ
surface form:
16th Street Baptist Church bombing
|
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Sarah Collins Rudolph Description of subject: Sarah Collins Rudolph is an American woman known as the “fifth little girl,” the surviving sister of 16th Street Baptist Church bombing victim Addie Mae Collins and herself a wounded survivor of that 1963 Ku Klux Klan attack in Birmingham, Alabama.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.