Statements (68)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| gptkbp:instance_of |
gptkb:legal_case
|
| gptkbp:case_outcome |
5-4 ruling
|
| gptkbp:case_types |
Criminal law
|
| gptkbp:consequences |
Changed the interpretation of the Confrontation Clause.
|
| gptkbp:decided_by |
gptkb:Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States
March 8, 2004 |
| gptkbp:dissenting_opinion |
gptkb:Justice_Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg
gptkb:Justice_Stephen_Breyer |
| https://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label |
Crawford v. Washington
|
| gptkbp:impact |
Influenced state and federal court rulings.
|
| gptkbp:involved_parties |
gptkb:Michael_Crawford
gptkb:State_of_Washington |
| gptkbp:is_cited_in |
541 U. S. 36
|
| gptkbp:judges |
gptkb:Justice_Antonin_Scalia
gptkb:Justice_John_Paul_Stevens gptkb:Justice_Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg gptkb:Justice_Anthony_Kennedy gptkb:Justice_Samuel_Alito gptkb:Justice_Clarence_Thomas gptkb:Justice_Stephen_Breyer |
| gptkbp:legal_context |
Confrontation Clause
Hearsay rule Sixth Amendment of the U. S. Constitution |
| gptkbp:legal_issue |
Confrontation Clause
|
| gptkbp:legal_principle |
Non-testimonial evidence may be admissible.
Testimonial evidence requires cross-examination. |
| gptkbp:outcome |
Testimonial hearsay is inadmissible unless the witness is unavailable and the defendant had a prior opportunity to cross-examine.
|
| gptkbp:precedent |
Impact on hearsay evidence in criminal trials
|
| gptkbp:public_perception |
gptkb:Justice_Antonin_Scalia
gptkb:Justice_John_Paul_Stevens gptkb:Justice_Anthony_Kennedy gptkb:Justice_Samuel_Alito gptkb:Justice_Clarence_Thomas |
| gptkbp:related_cases |
Davis v. Washington
Michigan v. Bryant Bullcoming v. New Mexico Hammon v. Indiana Maryland v. Craig Ohio v. Clark Williams v. Illinois |
| gptkbp:scholarly_analysis |
Implications for defendants' rights.
Widely discussed in legal literature. Debate on the role of the judiciary. Analysis of case law development. Analysis of constitutional protections. Analysis of legal standards for admissibility. Case studies in law schools. Critically analyzed in law reviews. Debate on the definition of 'testimonial'. Discussion on the balance of rights. Discussion on the evolution of legal standards. Discussion on the role of juries. Examination of cross-examination rights. Examination of procedural safeguards. Impact on appellate court decisions. Impact on criminal procedure. Impact on evidentiary rules. Impact on public perception of justice. Impact on trial strategies. Influence on hearsay exceptions. Influence on legal education. Influence on legislative changes. Debate on testimonial vs. non-testimonial evidence. Discussion on the future of the Confrontation Clause. |
| gptkbp:significance |
Reinforced the right to confront witnesses.
|
| gptkbp:bfsParent |
gptkb:Crawford_vs_Spence
gptkb:Crawford_vs._Spence |
| gptkbp:bfsLayer |
5
|