BPST instanton
E911211
classical solution of field equations
instanton
non-perturbative solution
solution of Yang–Mills equations
topological soliton
The BPST instanton is a fundamental non-perturbative solution in four-dimensional SU(2) Yang–Mills gauge theory that represents a localized, finite-action tunneling event between distinct vacuum states.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| BPST instanton canonical | 1 |
| Belavin–Polyakov–Schwarz–Tyupkin instanton | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11205510 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: BPST instanton Context triple: [Yang monopole, relatedTo, BPST instanton]
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A.
SBSP
SBSP is the ICAO airport code for Congonhas–São Paulo Airport, a major domestic airport serving the city of São Paulo, Brazil.
-
B.
STBP
STBP is the acronym for the Stop TB Partnership, a global coalition dedicated to ending tuberculosis as a public health problem.
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C.
SBP
SBP is a federally assisted meal program in the United States that provides nutritious breakfasts to schoolchildren to support their health and learning.
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D.
SBP
SBP is the central bank of Pakistan, responsible for regulating the country’s monetary and credit system and ensuring financial stability.
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E.
BSP
BSP is the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, the central bank of the Philippines responsible for monetary policy, financial stability, and currency issuance.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: BPST instanton Target entity description: The BPST instanton is a fundamental non-perturbative solution in four-dimensional SU(2) Yang–Mills gauge theory that represents a localized, finite-action tunneling event between distinct vacuum states.
-
A.
SBSP
SBSP is the ICAO airport code for Congonhas–São Paulo Airport, a major domestic airport serving the city of São Paulo, Brazil.
-
B.
STBP
STBP is the acronym for the Stop TB Partnership, a global coalition dedicated to ending tuberculosis as a public health problem.
-
C.
SBP
SBP is a federally assisted meal program in the United States that provides nutritious breakfasts to schoolchildren to support their health and learning.
-
D.
SBP
SBP is the central bank of Pakistan, responsible for regulating the country’s monetary and credit system and ensuring financial stability.
-
E.
BSP
BSP is the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, the central bank of the Philippines responsible for monetary policy, financial stability, and currency issuance.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
classical solution of field equations
ⓘ
instanton ⓘ non-perturbative solution ⓘ solution of Yang–Mills equations ⓘ topological soliton ⓘ |
| acronymExpansion |
Belavin–Polyakov–Schwarz–Tyupkin instanton
ⓘ
linked to:
BPST instanton
|
| action | finite Euclidean action ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
chiral symmetry breaking mechanisms
ⓘ
theta-vacuum structure in non-Abelian gauge theories ⓘ |
| belongsToTopologicalSector | winding number 1 sector ⓘ |
| contributesTo |
non-perturbative effects in gauge theory
ⓘ
tunneling amplitude between vacua ⓘ |
| fieldStrengthCondition | F = *F ⓘ |
| gaugeGroup |
SU(2)
ⓘ
linked to:
rotation group SU(2)
|
| hasGeneralization |
ADHM instanton construction
ⓘ
instantons in SU(N) gauge theories ⓘ multi-instanton solutions ⓘ |
| hasParameter |
global gauge orientation
ⓘ
position modulus ⓘ size modulus ⓘ |
| hasProperty |
localized in Euclidean spacetime
ⓘ
self-dual field strength ⓘ |
| importantFor |
topological classification of gauge field configurations
ⓘ
understanding non-perturbative structure of non-Abelian gauge theories ⓘ |
| introducedBy |
Albert Schwarz
ⓘ
Alexander Belavin ⓘ Alexander Polyakov NERFINISHED ⓘ Yakov Tyupkin ⓘ |
| invariantUnder | combined translations and rotations in Euclidean space ⓘ |
| mathematicalContext |
fiber bundles and characteristic classes
ⓘ
self-dual connections on principal SU(2)-bundles ⓘ |
| minimizes | Yang–Mills action in a given topological sector ⓘ |
| publishedIn | Physics Letters B ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
anti-instanton
ⓘ
instanton moduli space ⓘ |
| represents |
transition between topologically inequivalent vacua
ⓘ
tunneling event between distinct vacuum states ⓘ |
| satisfies | Yang–Mills equations of motion in Euclidean space ⓘ |
| spacetimeDimension | 4 ⓘ |
| spacetimeSignature | Euclidean ⓘ |
| theory |
SU(2) Yang–Mills theory
ⓘ
linked to:
Yang–Mills theory
Yang–Mills gauge theory ⓘ
linked to:
Yang–Mills theory
|
| topologicalCharge | 1 ⓘ |
| usedIn |
path integral formulation of gauge theories
ⓘ
semiclassical analysis of Yang–Mills theories ⓘ studies of the QCD vacuum ⓘ |
| yearOfIntroduction | 1975 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: BPST instanton Description of subject: The BPST instanton is a fundamental non-perturbative solution in four-dimensional SU(2) Yang–Mills gauge theory that represents a localized, finite-action tunneling event between distinct vacuum states.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: BPST instanton