Planck spacecraft
E89845
The Planck spacecraft was a European Space Agency space observatory designed to study the cosmic microwave background radiation with unprecedented precision to improve our understanding of the early universe and cosmology.
All labels observed (13)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Planck spacecraft canonical | 6 |
| Planck mission | 2 |
| Planck space observatory | 2 |
| European Space Agency Planck program | 1 |
| Planck | 1 |
| Planck (NASA participation) | 1 |
| Planck (spacecraft) | 1 |
| Planck Collaboration | 1 |
| Planck LFI | 1 |
| Planck Team | 1 |
| Planck observatory | 1 |
| Planck satellite | 1 |
| Planck satellite data | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T727652 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Planck spacecraft Context triple: [European Space Agency, mission, Planck spacecraft]
-
A.
Herschel Space Observatory
The Herschel Space Observatory was a European Space Agency space telescope that studied the universe in far-infrared and submillimetre wavelengths, revealing cold and dusty regions such as star-forming clouds and distant galaxies.
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B.
Spitzer Space Telescope
The Spitzer Space Telescope was a NASA infrared space observatory that studied the universe in long-wavelength light, revealing cold, dusty, and distant objects invisible to optical telescopes.
-
C.
Kepler space telescope
The Kepler space telescope was a NASA space observatory designed to discover Earth-size exoplanets by continuously monitoring the brightness of over 150,000 stars.
-
D.
Gaia observatory
The Gaia observatory is a European Space Agency space telescope designed to create the most precise 3D map of the Milky Way by measuring the positions, distances, and motions of over a billion stars.
-
E.
James Webb Space Telescope
The James Webb Space Telescope is a large, space-based observatory designed to study the universe in infrared light, revealing the formation of the first galaxies, stars, and planetary systems with unprecedented sensitivity and resolution.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Planck spacecraft Target entity description: The Planck spacecraft was a European Space Agency space observatory designed to study the cosmic microwave background radiation with unprecedented precision to improve our understanding of the early universe and cosmology.
-
A.
Herschel Space Observatory
The Herschel Space Observatory was a European Space Agency space telescope that studied the universe in far-infrared and submillimetre wavelengths, revealing cold and dusty regions such as star-forming clouds and distant galaxies.
-
B.
Spitzer Space Telescope
The Spitzer Space Telescope was a NASA infrared space observatory that studied the universe in long-wavelength light, revealing cold, dusty, and distant objects invisible to optical telescopes.
-
C.
Kepler space telescope
The Kepler space telescope was a NASA space observatory designed to discover Earth-size exoplanets by continuously monitoring the brightness of over 150,000 stars.
-
D.
Gaia observatory
The Gaia observatory is a European Space Agency space telescope designed to create the most precise 3D map of the Milky Way by measuring the positions, distances, and motions of over a billion stars.
-
E.
James Webb Space Telescope
The James Webb Space Telescope is a large, space-based observatory designed to study the universe in infrared light, revealing the formation of the first galaxies, stars, and planetary systems with unprecedented sensitivity and resolution.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
European Space Agency mission
ⓘ
space observatory ⓘ spacecraft ⓘ |
| angularResolution | up to about 5 arcminutes ⓘ |
| collaboration |
Canadian Space Agency
ⓘ
ESA member states ⓘ NASA ⓘ |
| cosparId | 2009-026B ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | Europe ⓘ |
| dataArchive | ESA Planck Legacy Archive ⓘ |
| dataRelease |
Planck 2013 results
ⓘ
Planck 2015 results ⓘ Planck 2018 results ⓘ |
| deactivationDate | 2013-10-23 ⓘ |
| frequencyRange | about 30 GHz to 857 GHz ⓘ |
| instrument |
High Frequency Instrument
ⓘ
Low Frequency Instrument ⓘ |
| keyResult |
constraints on inflationary models
ⓘ
evidence for spatial flatness of the Universe ⓘ most detailed all-sky map of the cosmic microwave background ⓘ precise measurement of the age of the Universe ⓘ refined values of cosmological parameters such as Hubble constant and matter density ⓘ tight limits on sum of neutrino masses ⓘ |
| launchCountry | France ⓘ |
| launchDate | 2009-05-14 ⓘ |
| launchMass | approximately 1950 kg ⓘ |
| launchSite | Guiana Space Centre ⓘ |
| launchVehicle | Ariane 5 ECA ⓘ |
| manufacturer |
Thales Alenia Space Italia
ⓘ
surface form:
Thales Alenia Space
|
| missionDuration | about 4.5 years ⓘ |
| missionEndDate | 2013-10-23 ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Max Planck ⓘ |
| nssdcId | 2009-026B ⓘ |
| operator | European Space Agency ⓘ |
| orbit | Lissajous orbit around Sun–Earth L2 point ⓘ |
| partOfProgram |
ESA Horizon 2000 programme
ⓘ
surface form:
Horizon 2000+ programme
|
| power | about 1900 W ⓘ |
| predecessor | WMAP ⓘ |
| primaryMissionType |
cosmic microwave background observation
ⓘ
cosmology ⓘ |
| scientificObjective |
determine cosmological parameters with high precision
ⓘ
investigate inflationary models of the early Universe ⓘ measure anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background ⓘ study formation of large-scale structure in the Universe ⓘ |
| spaceAgency | European Space Agency ⓘ |
| temperatureSensitivity | microkelvin level ⓘ |
| thermalControl | cryogenic cooling system for detectors ⓘ |
| wavelengthCoverage | microwave ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Planck spacecraft Description of subject: The Planck spacecraft was a European Space Agency space observatory designed to study the cosmic microwave background radiation with unprecedented precision to improve our understanding of the early universe and cosmology.
Referenced by (20)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Planck space observatory
this entity surface form:
Planck Collaboration
this entity surface form:
Planck (spacecraft)
subject surface form:
Baade
this entity surface form:
Planck
this entity surface form:
Planck satellite data
this entity surface form:
Planck Team
this entity surface form:
Planck satellite
subject surface form:
Sun–Earth L2
this entity surface form:
Planck space observatory
this entity surface form:
Planck mission
this entity surface form:
Planck (NASA participation)
this entity surface form:
Planck mission
this entity surface form:
Planck LFI
this entity surface form:
Planck observatory
this entity surface form:
European Space Agency Planck program