High Frequency Instrument
E418615
The High Frequency Instrument was one of the two main detectors aboard the Planck spacecraft, designed to measure the cosmic microwave background at high frequencies with exceptional sensitivity and angular resolution.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| High Frequency Instrument canonical | 3 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4148482 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: High Frequency Instrument Context triple: [Planck spacecraft, instrument, High Frequency Instrument]
-
A.
E-band systems
E-band systems are high-frequency millimeter-wave communication platforms operating roughly in the 60–90 GHz range, commonly used for high-capacity wireless backhaul and point-to-point links.
-
B.
Maser
Maser is a small town in the Veneto region of northern Italy, noted for its Renaissance architecture and association with the architect Andrea Palladio.
-
C.
Instruments
Instruments is a performance analysis and profiling tool for macOS and iOS applications, used to track and optimize resource usage, memory, and execution behavior.
-
D.
Radiometer
Radiometer is a medical technology company specializing in acute care testing solutions such as blood gas analysis and related diagnostic equipment.
-
E.
Fourier transform spectrometer
A Fourier transform spectrometer is an optical instrument that measures the spectrum of a light source by recording an interference pattern and mathematically transforming it to obtain high-resolution spectral information.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: High Frequency Instrument Target entity description: The High Frequency Instrument was one of the two main detectors aboard the Planck spacecraft, designed to measure the cosmic microwave background at high frequencies with exceptional sensitivity and angular resolution.
-
A.
E-band systems
E-band systems are high-frequency millimeter-wave communication platforms operating roughly in the 60–90 GHz range, commonly used for high-capacity wireless backhaul and point-to-point links.
-
B.
Maser
Maser is a small town in the Veneto region of northern Italy, noted for its Renaissance architecture and association with the architect Andrea Palladio.
-
C.
Instruments
Instruments is a performance analysis and profiling tool for macOS and iOS applications, used to track and optimize resource usage, memory, and execution behavior.
-
D.
Radiometer
Radiometer is a medical technology company specializing in acute care testing solutions such as blood gas analysis and related diagnostic equipment.
-
E.
Fourier transform spectrometer
A Fourier transform spectrometer is an optical instrument that measures the spectrum of a light source by recording an interference pattern and mathematically transforming it to obtain high-resolution spectral information.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
cosmic microwave background detector
ⓘ
space telescope instrument ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Planck focal plane
ⓘ
surface form:
Planck HFI
|
| angularResolution | up to about 5 arcminutes ⓘ |
| complements | Low Frequency Instrument ⓘ |
| coolingMethod | cryogenic cooling ⓘ |
| countryOfOperator | Europe ⓘ |
| dataReleaseUsedIn |
Planck 2013 results
ⓘ
Planck 2015 results ⓘ Planck 2018 results ⓘ |
| deactivationDate | 2012-01 ⓘ |
| designedFor |
high angular resolution measurements
ⓘ
high sensitivity measurements ⓘ |
| detectorTechnology | bolometer ⓘ |
| developedBy |
European institutes
ⓘ
French laboratories ⓘ international collaboration ⓘ |
| enablesMeasurementOf |
CMB power spectrum at small angular scales
ⓘ
cosmic infrared background anisotropies ⓘ thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect in clusters ⓘ |
| frequencyRange | 100–857 GHz ⓘ |
| hostSpacecraftOrbit | Sun–Earth L2 ⓘ |
| launchDate | 2009-05-14 ⓘ |
| locatedAt | Planck focal plane ⓘ |
| missionRole | one of two main detectors on Planck ⓘ |
| numberOfDetectors | 52 ⓘ |
| numberOfFrequencyBands | 6 ⓘ |
| observingBand |
100 GHz
ⓘ
143 GHz ⓘ 217 GHz ⓘ 353 GHz ⓘ 545 GHz ⓘ 857 GHz ⓘ |
| onMission | Planck NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| operatedBy | European Space Agency ⓘ |
| operatingTemperature | 0.1 K ⓘ |
| partOf | Planck spacecraft ONNED1 ⓘ |
| primaryPurpose |
measure cosmic microwave background anisotropies
ⓘ
measure cosmic microwave background polarization ⓘ |
| scienceGoal |
constrain cosmological parameters
ⓘ
map full-sky cosmic microwave background ⓘ measure CMB polarization anisotropies ⓘ measure CMB temperature anisotropies ⓘ study Galactic dust emission ⓘ study extragalactic foregrounds ⓘ |
| sharesTelescopeWith | Low Frequency Instrument ⓘ |
| spacecraft | Planck NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| status | decommissioned ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: High Frequency Instrument Description of subject: The High Frequency Instrument was one of the two main detectors aboard the Planck spacecraft, designed to measure the cosmic microwave background at high frequencies with exceptional sensitivity and angular resolution.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.