Epistle to the Romans
E85013
The Epistle to the Romans is a letter written by the Apostle Paul that presents a foundational theological exposition of sin, salvation, and righteousness by faith, and is one of the most influential books in Christian theology.
All labels observed (20)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Epistle to the Romans canonical | 15 |
| Romans 8 | 5 |
| Romans 12 | 2 |
| Der Römerbrief (The Epistle to the Romans) | 1 |
| Letter to the Romans | 1 |
| Paul in Rome | 1 |
| Romans (New Testament epistle) | 1 |
| Romans 1 | 1 |
| Romans 11 | 1 |
| Romans 13 | 1 |
| Romans 14 | 1 |
| Romans 15 | 1 |
| Romans 1:16–17 | 1 |
| Romans 1–4 | 1 |
| Romans 4 | 1 |
| Romans 5–8 | 1 |
| Romans 7 | 1 |
| Romans 9–11 | 1 |
| The Epistle of Paul to the Romans | 1 |
| The Epistle to the Romans | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T690514 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Epistle to the Romans Context triple: [New Testament, contains, Epistle to the Romans]
-
A.
Epistle to the Ephesians
The Epistle to the Ephesians is a New Testament letter that presents a theological vision of the universal church, emphasizing unity in Christ, salvation by grace, and ethical living.
-
B.
Epistle to the Colossians
The Epistle to the Colossians is a New Testament letter addressing the Christian community in Colossae, emphasizing the supremacy of Christ and warning against false teachings.
-
C.
First Epistle to the Thessalonians
The First Epistle to the Thessalonians is a New Testament letter addressing an early Christian community, offering encouragement, ethical instruction, and teaching about Christ’s return.
-
D.
Epistle to Titus
The Epistle to Titus is a New Testament pastoral letter offering guidance on church leadership, sound doctrine, and Christian living, traditionally attributed to the Apostle Paul and addressed to his coworker Titus.
-
E.
Letter to the Hebrews
The Letter to the Hebrews is a New Testament book that presents Jesus Christ as the ultimate high priest and perfect sacrifice, interpreting the Old Testament in light of his once-for-all redemptive work.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Epistle to the Romans Target entity description: The Epistle to the Romans is a letter written by the Apostle Paul that presents a foundational theological exposition of sin, salvation, and righteousness by faith, and is one of the most influential books in Christian theology.
-
A.
Epistle to the Ephesians
The Epistle to the Ephesians is a New Testament letter that presents a theological vision of the universal church, emphasizing unity in Christ, salvation by grace, and ethical living.
-
B.
Epistle to the Colossians
The Epistle to the Colossians is a New Testament letter addressing the Christian community in Colossae, emphasizing the supremacy of Christ and warning against false teachings.
-
C.
First Epistle to the Thessalonians
The First Epistle to the Thessalonians is a New Testament letter addressing an early Christian community, offering encouragement, ethical instruction, and teaching about Christ’s return.
-
D.
Epistle to Titus
The Epistle to Titus is a New Testament pastoral letter offering guidance on church leadership, sound doctrine, and Christian living, traditionally attributed to the Apostle Paul and addressed to his coworker Titus.
-
E.
Letter to the Hebrews
The Letter to the Hebrews is a New Testament book that presents Jesus Christ as the ultimate high priest and perfect sacrifice, interpreting the Old Testament in light of his once-for-all redemptive work.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (62)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Pauline epistle
ⓘ
biblical book ⓘ book of the New Testament ⓘ |
| attributedTo |
Apostle Paul
ⓘ
surface form:
Paul the Apostle
|
| audience |
Christians in Rome
ⓘ
church in Rome ⓘ |
| author |
Apostle Paul
ⓘ
surface form:
Paul the Apostle
|
| canonicalStatus | canonical ⓘ |
| closingSection | Romans 16 with greetings ⓘ |
| containsChapter |
Epistle to the Romans
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Romans 1
Romans 10 ⓘ Epistle to the Romans self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Romans 11
Epistle to the Romans self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Romans 12
Romans 13 ⓘ Epistle to the Romans self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Romans 14
Epistle to the Romans self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Romans 15
Romans 16 ⓘ Romans 2 ⓘ Romans 3 ⓘ Epistle to the Romans self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Romans 4
Romans 5 ⓘ Romans 6 ⓘ Epistle to the Romans self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Romans 7
Epistle to the Romans self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Romans 8
Romans 9 ⓘ |
| dateOfComposition | 1st century ⓘ |
| genre |
epistle
ⓘ
theological treatise ⓘ |
| includedIn |
Roman Catholic biblical canon
ⓘ
surface form:
Catholic biblical canon
Orthodox biblical canon ⓘ Protestant Bible ⓘ
surface form:
Protestant biblical canon
|
| influenced |
Christian theology
ⓘ
Reformation ⓘ
surface form:
Protestant Reformation
|
| keyFigureAssociated |
Augustine of Hippo
ⓘ
John Calvin ⓘ Martin Luther ⓘ |
| language | Koine Greek ⓘ |
| locationMentioned | Rome ⓘ |
| notablePassage |
Romans 12:1–2
ⓘ
Epistle to the Romans self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Romans 1:16–17
Romans 3:21–26 ⓘ Romans 5:1–11 ⓘ Epistle to the Romans self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Romans 8
|
| numberOfChapters | 16 ⓘ |
| openingFormula |
Apostle Paul
ⓘ
surface form:
Paul, a servant of Christ Jesus
|
| partOf |
Bible
ⓘ
surface form:
Christian Bible
New Testament ⓘ
surface form:
New Testament canon
|
| placeOfComposition | Corinth ⓘ |
| positionInCanon |
first of the Pauline epistles in canonical order
ⓘ
sixth book of the New Testament ⓘ |
| primaryTheme |
grace
ⓘ
justification by faith ⓘ life in Christ ⓘ relationship between Jews and Gentiles ⓘ righteousness of God ⓘ role of the law ⓘ salvation ⓘ sin ⓘ |
| religion | Christianity ⓘ |
| structure | doctrinal section followed by practical exhortations ⓘ |
| testament | New Testament ⓘ |
| traditionalDate | circa AD 57 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Epistle to the Romans Description of subject: The Epistle to the Romans is a letter written by the Apostle Paul that presents a foundational theological exposition of sin, salvation, and righteousness by faith, and is one of the most influential books in Christian theology.
Referenced by (39)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Epistle to the Romans
this entity surface form:
Romans 1–4
subject surface form:
Epistle to the Romans
this entity surface form:
Romans 5–8
subject surface form:
Epistle to the Romans
this entity surface form:
Romans 9–11
this entity surface form:
Letter to the Romans
this entity surface form:
Romans (New Testament epistle)
subject surface form:
Karl Barth
this entity surface form:
Der Römerbrief (The Epistle to the Romans)
this entity surface form:
Romans 1
this entity surface form:
Romans 4
this entity surface form:
Romans 7
this entity surface form:
Romans 8
this entity surface form:
Romans 11
this entity surface form:
Romans 12
this entity surface form:
Romans 14
this entity surface form:
Romans 15
this entity surface form:
Romans 1:16–17
this entity surface form:
Romans 8
this entity surface form:
Romans 13
this entity surface form:
The Epistle to the Romans
this entity surface form:
Romans 8
this entity surface form:
The Epistle of Paul to the Romans
this entity surface form:
Paul in Rome
this entity surface form:
Romans 8
this entity surface form:
Romans 12
The Nature, Power, Deceit, and Prevalency of Indwelling Sin in Believers
→
scripturalBasis
→
Epistle to the Romans
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Romans 8