Battle of Granicus

E74933

ancient battle battle

The Battle of the Granicus was Alexander the Great’s first major victory over the Persian Empire in 334 BC, marking the beginning of his conquest of Asia Minor.

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All labels observed (4)

Label	Occurrences
Battle of the Granicus	11
Battle of Granicus canonical	6
Battle of the River Granicus	1
The Battle of Granicus	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T592371 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Battle of Granicus
Context triple: [Alexander the Great, notableBattle, Battle of Granicus]

A. Battle of Mycale
The Battle of Mycale was a decisive 479 BC engagement during the Greco-Persian Wars in which a coalition of Greek city-states defeated the Persian fleet and army on the coast of Asia Minor, helping end Persian naval dominance in the region.
B. Battle of Heraclea
The Battle of Heraclea was a major 280 BC clash in southern Italy where King Pyrrhus of Epirus defeated the Romans in one of the earliest and most famous engagements of the Pyrrhic War.
C. Battle of Opis
The Battle of Opis was a decisive 539 BC engagement in which Cyrus the Great’s Persian forces defeated the Neo-Babylonian army, leading to the fall of Babylon and the expansion of the Achaemenid Empire.
D. Battle of Chaeronea
The Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC) was a decisive clash in which Philip II of Macedon, aided by his son Alexander the Great, defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes, paving the way for Macedonian dominance over Greece.
E. Battle of Carchemish
The Battle of Carchemish was a decisive 605 BC clash in which the Babylonians under Nebuchadnezzar II defeated the Egyptians and remnants of the Assyrian army, marking the end of Assyrian power and the rise of the Neo-Babylonian Empire.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Battle of Granicus
Target entity description: The Battle of the Granicus was Alexander the Great’s first major victory over the Persian Empire in 334 BC, marking the beginning of his conquest of Asia Minor.

A. Battle of Mycale
The Battle of Mycale was a decisive 479 BC engagement during the Greco-Persian Wars in which a coalition of Greek city-states defeated the Persian fleet and army on the coast of Asia Minor, helping end Persian naval dominance in the region.
B. Battle of Heraclea
The Battle of Heraclea was a major 280 BC clash in southern Italy where King Pyrrhus of Epirus defeated the Romans in one of the earliest and most famous engagements of the Pyrrhic War.
C. Battle of Opis
The Battle of Opis was a decisive 539 BC engagement in which Cyrus the Great’s Persian forces defeated the Neo-Babylonian army, leading to the fall of Babylon and the expansion of the Achaemenid Empire.
D. Battle of Chaeronea
The Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC) was a decisive clash in which Philip II of Macedon, aided by his son Alexander the Great, defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes, paving the way for Macedonian dominance over Greece.
E. Battle of Carchemish
The Battle of Carchemish was a decisive 605 BC clash in which the Babylonians under Nebuchadnezzar II defeated the Egyptians and remnants of the Assyrian army, marking the end of Assyrian power and the rise of the Neo-Babylonian Empire.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (46)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	ancient battle ⓘ battle ⓘ
AlexanderRisk	Alexander nearly killed in combat ⓘ
AlexanderRole	personally led the Companion cavalry charge ⓘ
alsoKnownAs	Battle of Granicus ⓘ surface form: Battle of the River Granicus
associatedWith	Achaemenid satrapies in Asia Minor ⓘ Companion cavalry ⓘ
belligerent	Achaemenid Empire ⓘ Greek allied contingents ⓘ Macedon ⓘ surface form: Kingdom of Macedon Macedon ⓘ surface form: Macedonian Empire Persian satraps ⓘ surface form: Persian satraps of Asia Minor
combatantStrength	Macedonian army with Companion cavalry and phalanx ⓘ Persian cavalry and Greek mercenary infantry ⓘ
commander	Alexander the Great ⓘ Arsites ⓘ Memnon of Rhodes ⓘ Parmenion ⓘ
conflictIn	Alexander’s Asian campaign ⓘ surface form: Macedonian conquest of the Achaemenid Empire Wars of Alexander the Great ⓘ
date	334 BC ⓘ
era	Hellenistic period (early phase) ⓘ
followedBy	Siege of Halicarnassus ⓘ Siege of Miletus ⓘ
historicalSource	Arrian’s Anabasis of Alexander ⓘ surface form: Arrian's Anabasis of Alexander Diodorus Siculus ⓘ Life of Alexander ⓘ surface form: Plutarch's Life of Alexander
locatedIn	Asia Minor ⓘ
locatedInPresentDay	Turkey ⓘ
locatedNear	Dardanelles ⓘ surface form: Hellespont
locatedOnRiver	Hydraotes River ⓘ surface form: Granicus River
notableEvent	Cleitus the Black saved Alexander's life ⓘ
partOf	Alexander the Great's campaigns ⓘ
politicalConsequence	encouraged Greek cities in Asia Minor to submit to Alexander ⓘ weakened Persian defensive strategy in the west ⓘ
precededBy	Macedonian invasion of Asia Minor ⓘ surface form: Crossing of the Hellespont by Alexander the Great
result	Macedonian victory ⓘ decisive Macedonian victory ⓘ
significance	first major victory of Alexander the Great over the Persian Empire ⓘ opened the way for the conquest of Asia Minor ⓘ secured Alexander's foothold in Asia ⓘ
tacticsUsed	frontal cavalry assault across river ⓘ use of Companion cavalry wedge formation ⓘ
territorialConsequence	Macedonian control of western Asia Minor ⓘ collapse of Persian authority in much of Asia Minor ⓘ
year	334 BC ⓘ

How these facts were elicited