Helicobacter
E727682
Helicobacter is a genus of spiral-shaped, microaerophilic bacteria best known for species such as H. pylori, which colonize the human stomach and are associated with peptic ulcers and gastric cancer.
All labels observed (8)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Helicobacter pylori | 5 |
| Helicobacter canonical | 2 |
| Helicobacter felis | 2 |
| Helicobacter hepaticus | 2 |
| Helicobacter mustelae | 2 |
| Helicobacter cinaedi | 1 |
| Helicobacter heilmannii | 1 |
| Histological identification of curved bacteria in gastric mucosa | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T8357167 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Helicobacter Context triple: [Campylobacterota, includesTaxon, Helicobacter]
-
A.
Campylobacter
Campylobacter is a genus of bacteria that commonly causes foodborne gastrointestinal infections in humans, often associated with undercooked poultry.
-
B.
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli is a widely studied, rod-shaped bacterium commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals and extensively used as a model organism in microbiology and genetics.
-
C.
Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative, comma-shaped bacterium that causes the acute diarrheal disease cholera in humans.
-
D.
Yersinia
Yersinia is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes several pathogenic species, most notably Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague.
-
E.
Bacillus
Bacillus is a genus of rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacteria that includes both harmless environmental species and notable pathogens such as Bacillus anthracis.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Helicobacter Target entity description: Helicobacter is a genus of spiral-shaped, microaerophilic bacteria best known for species such as H. pylori, which colonize the human stomach and are associated with peptic ulcers and gastric cancer.
-
A.
Campylobacter
Campylobacter is a genus of bacteria that commonly causes foodborne gastrointestinal infections in humans, often associated with undercooked poultry.
-
B.
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli is a widely studied, rod-shaped bacterium commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals and extensively used as a model organism in microbiology and genetics.
-
C.
Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative, comma-shaped bacterium that causes the acute diarrheal disease cholera in humans.
-
D.
Yersinia
Yersinia is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes several pathogenic species, most notably Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague.
-
E.
Bacillus
Bacillus is a genus of rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacteria that includes both harmless environmental species and notable pathogens such as Bacillus anthracis.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf | bacterial genus ⓘ |
| associatedWithDisease |
duodenal ulcers
ⓘ
gastric cancer ⓘ gastric ulcers ⓘ gastritis ⓘ hepatitis in animals ⓘ inflammatory bowel disease in animals ⓘ mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma ⓘ
linked to:
non-Hodgkin lymphoma
peptic ulcer disease ⓘ |
| cellWall | contains lipopolysaccharide ⓘ |
| class |
Epsilonproteobacteria
ⓘ
linked to:
Campylobacterota
|
| colonizes |
gastrointestinal tract
ⓘ
human stomach (some species) ⓘ intestinal tract of animals ⓘ |
| family | Helicobacteraceae ⓘ |
| firstDescribedBy |
Barry J. Marshall
ⓘ
linked to:
Barry Marshall
J. Robin Warren ⓘ
linked to:
Robin Warren
|
| flagellaType | polar flagella ⓘ |
| genome | circular chromosome ⓘ |
| gramStain | Gram-negative ⓘ |
| growthCondition |
grows best at 37 degrees Celsius (many species)
ⓘ
requires reduced oxygen tension ⓘ |
| habitat |
mucosal surfaces of birds
ⓘ
mucosal surfaces of mammals ⓘ |
| kingdom | Bacteria ⓘ |
| metabolism |
catalase-positive (many species)
ⓘ
oxidase-positive (many species) ⓘ urease-positive (many species) ⓘ |
| motility | motile ⓘ |
| namingEtymology | derived from Greek for "spiral rod" ⓘ |
| notableSpecies |
Helicobacter cinaedi
ⓘ
linked to:
Helicobacter
Helicobacter felis ⓘ
linked to:
Helicobacter
Helicobacter heilmannii ⓘ
linked to:
Helicobacter
Helicobacter hepaticus ⓘ
linked to:
Helicobacter
Helicobacter mustelae ⓘ
linked to:
Helicobacter
Helicobacter pylori ⓘ
linked to:
Helicobacter
|
| order | Campylobacterales ⓘ |
| oxygenRequirement | microaerophilic ⓘ |
| pathogenicity |
includes commensal species
ⓘ
includes pathogenic species ⓘ |
| phylum | Campylobacterota ⓘ |
| reproduction | binary fission ⓘ |
| shape | spiral-shaped ⓘ |
| taxonRank | genus ⓘ |
| transmissionRoute |
fecal-oral (for some species)
ⓘ
oral-oral (for some species) ⓘ |
| typeSpecies |
Helicobacter pylori
ⓘ
linked to:
Helicobacter
|
| yearDescribed | 1989 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Helicobacter Description of subject: Helicobacter is a genus of spiral-shaped, microaerophilic bacteria best known for species such as H. pylori, which colonize the human stomach and are associated with peptic ulcers and gastric cancer.
Referenced by (16)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Helicobacter
linked to: Helicobacter
linked to: Helicobacter
linked to: Helicobacter
linked to: Helicobacter
linked to: Helicobacter
linked to: Helicobacter
linked to: Helicobacter
linked to: Helicobacter
linked to: Helicobacter
linked to: Helicobacter
linked to: Helicobacter
linked to: Helicobacter
linked to: Helicobacter