Passer montanus
E698343
Passer montanus, commonly known as the Eurasian tree sparrow, is a small, widespread passerine bird found across Europe and Asia and introduced to other regions.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Passer montanus canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T7797004 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Passer montanus Context triple: [Passeridae, notableSpecies, Passer montanus]
-
A.
Passer domesticus
Passer domesticus, commonly known as the house sparrow, is a small, widespread songbird closely associated with human settlements across much of the world.
-
B.
Columba livia
Columba livia is the rock dove, a widespread bird species commonly known as the feral pigeon, often found in urban environments worldwide.
-
C.
Streptopelia turtur
Streptopelia turtur, commonly known as the European turtle dove, is a small migratory dove species native to Europe, North Africa, and western Asia, noted for its gentle purring call and distinctive mottled plumage.
-
D.
Branta ruficollis
Branta ruficollis, commonly known as the red-breasted goose, is a strikingly colored, small Arctic-breeding goose species native to Siberia and wintering mainly around the Black Sea.
-
E.
Eurasian collared dove
The Eurasian collared dove is a medium-sized, pale gray-buff dove native to Europe and Asia that has rapidly expanded its range across many parts of the world, often thriving in urban and suburban environments.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Passer montanus Target entity description: Passer montanus, commonly known as the Eurasian tree sparrow, is a small, widespread passerine bird found across Europe and Asia and introduced to other regions.
-
A.
Passer domesticus
Passer domesticus, commonly known as the house sparrow, is a small, widespread songbird closely associated with human settlements across much of the world.
-
B.
Columba livia
Columba livia is the rock dove, a widespread bird species commonly known as the feral pigeon, often found in urban environments worldwide.
-
C.
Streptopelia turtur
Streptopelia turtur, commonly known as the European turtle dove, is a small migratory dove species native to Europe, North Africa, and western Asia, noted for its gentle purring call and distinctive mottled plumage.
-
D.
Branta ruficollis
Branta ruficollis, commonly known as the red-breasted goose, is a strikingly colored, small Arctic-breeding goose species native to Siberia and wintering mainly around the Black Sea.
-
E.
Eurasian collared dove
The Eurasian collared dove is a medium-sized, pale gray-buff dove native to Europe and Asia that has rapidly expanded its range across many parts of the world, often thriving in urban and suburban environments.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (59)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
bird species
ⓘ
passerine ⓘ |
| binomialName | Passer montanus ⓘ |
| bodyLength | 12.5–14 cm ⓘ |
| bodyMass | 18–24 g ⓘ |
| breedingSeason |
spring
ⓘ
summer ⓘ |
| class | Aves ⓘ |
| clutchSize | 4–6 eggs ⓘ |
| commonName |
Eurasian tree sparrow
ⓘ
tree sparrow ⓘ |
| describedBy | Carl Linnaeus ⓘ |
| diet |
grains
ⓘ
seeds ⓘ small invertebrates ⓘ |
| distinguishingFeatureFromPasserDomesticus |
black cheek spot absent in house sparrow
ⓘ
chestnut crown instead of grey crown ⓘ |
| family | Passeridae ⓘ |
| foragingStratum |
ground
ⓘ
low vegetation ⓘ |
| genus | Passer ⓘ |
| habitat |
farmland
ⓘ
gardens ⓘ parks ⓘ suburban areas ⓘ villages ⓘ woodland edges ⓘ |
| introducedRange |
Australia
ⓘ
New Zealand ⓘ North America ⓘ Southeast Asia ⓘ |
| IUCNStatus | Least Concern ⓘ |
| IUCNStatusSystem |
IUCN Red List
ⓘ
linked to:
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
|
| kingdom | Animalia ⓘ |
| migrationPattern |
mostly resident
ⓘ
partially migratory in northern range ⓘ |
| nativeRange |
Europe
ⓘ
temperate Asia ⓘ |
| nestingSite |
building cavities
ⓘ
nest boxes ⓘ tree holes ⓘ |
| order | Passeriformes ⓘ |
| phylum | Chordata ⓘ |
| plumageFeature |
black bib on throat
ⓘ
black patch on white cheek ⓘ brown upperparts with black streaks ⓘ chestnut-brown crown ⓘ pale underparts ⓘ |
| primaryThreats |
agricultural intensification
ⓘ
loss of nesting sites ⓘ pesticide use ⓘ |
| sexualDimorphism | weak ⓘ |
| similarTo | Passer domesticus ⓘ |
| socialBehavior | gregarious ⓘ |
| taxonRank | species ⓘ |
| usedNestBoxes | yes ⓘ |
| vocalization | short chirps ⓘ |
| wingspan | 20–22 cm ⓘ |
| yearDescribed | 1758 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Passer montanus Description of subject: Passer montanus, commonly known as the Eurasian tree sparrow, is a small, widespread passerine bird found across Europe and Asia and introduced to other regions.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.