Shelton v. Tucker
E666854
Shelton v. Tucker was a 1960 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down an Arkansas law requiring teachers to disclose all organizational affiliations, reinforcing First Amendment protections for freedom of association.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Shelton v. Tucker canonical | 3 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T7476056 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Shelton v. Tucker Context triple: [NAACP v. Alabama, relatedCase, Shelton v. Tucker]
-
A.
Michigan v. Tucker
Michigan v. Tucker is a 1974 U.S. Supreme Court decision that limited the exclusionary rule’s application to statements obtained without full Miranda warnings, holding that derivative evidence from such statements could still be admissible.
-
B.
Lucas v. Earl
Lucas v. Earl is a landmark 1930 U.S. Supreme Court tax law case that established the principle that income is taxed to the person who earns it, regardless of contractual arrangements to split or assign that income.
-
C.
Breedlove v. Suttles
Breedlove v. Suttles was a 1937 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld state poll taxes as constitutional, reinforcing barriers to voting until later overturned during the civil rights era.
-
D.
Tilton v. Beecher
Tilton v. Beecher was a highly publicized 19th-century American adultery trial in which journalist Theodore Tilton accused prominent preacher Henry Ward Beecher of having an affair with Tilton’s wife, Elizabeth.
-
E.
Alabama v. Shelton
Alabama v. Shelton is a 2002 U.S. Supreme Court case that held a suspended sentence that may result in imprisonment cannot be imposed unless the defendant was afforded the right to counsel.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Shelton v. Tucker Target entity description: Shelton v. Tucker was a 1960 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down an Arkansas law requiring teachers to disclose all organizational affiliations, reinforcing First Amendment protections for freedom of association.
-
A.
Michigan v. Tucker
Michigan v. Tucker is a 1974 U.S. Supreme Court decision that limited the exclusionary rule’s application to statements obtained without full Miranda warnings, holding that derivative evidence from such statements could still be admissible.
-
B.
Lucas v. Earl
Lucas v. Earl is a landmark 1930 U.S. Supreme Court tax law case that established the principle that income is taxed to the person who earns it, regardless of contractual arrangements to split or assign that income.
-
C.
Breedlove v. Suttles
Breedlove v. Suttles was a 1937 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld state poll taxes as constitutional, reinforcing barriers to voting until later overturned during the civil rights era.
-
D.
Tilton v. Beecher
Tilton v. Beecher was a highly publicized 19th-century American adultery trial in which journalist Theodore Tilton accused prominent preacher Henry Ward Beecher of having an affair with Tilton’s wife, Elizabeth.
-
E.
Alabama v. Shelton
Alabama v. Shelton is a 2002 U.S. Supreme Court case that held a suspended sentence that may result in imprisonment cannot be imposed unless the defendant was afforded the right to counsel.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf | United States Supreme Court case ⓘ |
| appliedToStatesThrough |
Fourteenth Amendment Due Process Clause
ⓘ
linked to:
Due Process Clause
|
| areaOfLaw |
civil liberties
ⓘ
constitutional law ⓘ education law ⓘ |
| citation | 364 U.S. 479 ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionInvolved |
First Amendment to the United States Constitution
ⓘ
Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution ⓘ
linked to:
Fourteenth Amendment
|
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 1960-12-12 ⓘ |
| decisionYear | 1960 ⓘ |
| dissentingOpinionBy |
Charles E. Whittaker
ⓘ
Felix Frankfurter ⓘ |
| docketNumber | 5 ⓘ |
| employmentConsequence | nonrenewal of teacher contracts for failure to disclose affiliations ⓘ |
| freedomImpacted |
freedom of association
ⓘ
freedom of speech ⓘ |
| fullName | Shelton v. Tucker ⓘ |
| geographicOrigin | Arkansas ⓘ |
| holding |
An Arkansas statute requiring public school teachers to disclose all organizational affiliations for the preceding five years violates the First Amendment as applied to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.
ⓘ
The Arkansas statute was unconstitutional because it was too broad and unnecessarily infringed on freedom of association. ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| lawChallenged | Arkansas Act 10 of 1958 ⓘ |
| legalIssue |
freedom of association
ⓘ
freedom of speech ⓘ overbreadth of statute ⓘ |
| majorityJoinedBy |
Earl Warren
ⓘ
Hugo L. Black ⓘ John M. Harlan II ⓘ Tom C. Clark ⓘ William J. Brennan Jr. ⓘ William O. Douglas ⓘ |
| majorityOpinionBy | Potter Stewart ⓘ |
| pageInUnitedStatesReports | 479 ⓘ |
| party |
Arch Ford, Arkansas Commissioner of Education
ⓘ
linked to:
Arkansas Department of Education
B. T. Shelton ⓘ |
| petitioner | B. T. Shelton ⓘ |
| precedentFor | cases protecting freedom of association for public employees ⓘ |
| relatedDoctrine |
overbreadth doctrine
ⓘ
strict scrutiny of laws burdening First Amendment rights ⓘ unconstitutional conditions doctrine ⓘ |
| respondent |
Arch Ford, Arkansas Commissioner of Education
ⓘ
linked to:
Arkansas Department of Education
|
| result | Arkansas teacher affiliation disclosure law struck down ⓘ |
| standardOfReview | heightened scrutiny of First Amendment burdens ⓘ |
| stateLawInvolved | Arkansas law ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
disclosure of organizational affiliations
ⓘ
public school teacher employment ⓘ |
| teacherStatusOfPetitioner | public school teacher ⓘ |
| volumeInUnitedStatesReports | 364 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Shelton v. Tucker Description of subject: Shelton v. Tucker was a 1960 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down an Arkansas law requiring teachers to disclose all organizational affiliations, reinforcing First Amendment protections for freedom of association.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.