Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan

E624573

bilateral treaty international agreement

The Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan was an 1858 agreement that opened Japan to extensive American trade and diplomatic relations, marking a key step in ending Japan’s isolationist policies.

Try in SPARQL Jump to: Surface forms Disambiguation Statements Elicitation Referenced by

All labels observed (4)

Label	Occurrences
Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan canonical	4
Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan, 1858)	2
Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Japan and the United States	1
US–Japan Treaty of Amity and Commerce (1858)	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T6860265 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan
Context triple: [Townsend Harris, notableWork, Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan]

A. Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation
The Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation was a 1794 agreement between the United States and Great Britain that sought to resolve lingering issues from the American Revolutionary War and normalize trade and diplomatic relations.
B. Treaty of San Francisco
The Treaty of San Francisco was the 1951 peace treaty between Japan and most Allied nations that officially ended World War II hostilities with Japan and restored its sovereignty.
C. Convention of Kanagawa
The Convention of Kanagawa was an 1854 treaty between Japan and the United States that ended Japan’s isolationist policy by opening select ports to American vessels and establishing diplomatic relations.
D. Treaty of Shimoda
The Treaty of Shimoda was an 1855 agreement between the Russian Empire and Japan that established formal diplomatic relations and defined their borders in the Kuril Islands and surrounding regions.
E. Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905
The Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905 was an agreement that effectively stripped the Korean Empire of its diplomatic sovereignty and placed it under Japanese control, paving the way for Japan’s formal annexation of Korea.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan
Target entity description: The Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan was an 1858 agreement that opened Japan to extensive American trade and diplomatic relations, marking a key step in ending Japan’s isolationist policies.

A. Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation
The Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation was a 1794 agreement between the United States and Great Britain that sought to resolve lingering issues from the American Revolutionary War and normalize trade and diplomatic relations.
B. Treaty of San Francisco
The Treaty of San Francisco was the 1951 peace treaty between Japan and most Allied nations that officially ended World War II hostilities with Japan and restored its sovereignty.
C. Convention of Kanagawa
The Convention of Kanagawa was an 1854 treaty between Japan and the United States that ended Japan’s isolationist policy by opening select ports to American vessels and establishing diplomatic relations.
D. Treaty of Shimoda
The Treaty of Shimoda was an 1855 agreement between the Russian Empire and Japan that established formal diplomatic relations and defined their borders in the Kuril Islands and surrounding regions.
E. Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905
The Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905 was an agreement that effectively stripped the Korean Empire of its diplomatic sovereignty and placed it under Japanese control, paving the way for Japan’s formal annexation of Korea.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (47)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	bilateral treaty ⓘ international agreement ⓘ
alsoKnownAs	Harris Treaty ⓘ linked to: Harris Treaty of 1858 US–Japan Treaty of Amity and Commerce (1858) ⓘ linked to: Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan
countrySignatory	Japan ⓘ United States of America ⓘ
dateSigned	1858-07-29 ⓘ
enteredIntoForce	1859 ⓘ
followedBy	similar treaties between Japan and European powers ⓘ
granted	freedom of religion for Americans in treaty ports ⓘ rights of residence and trade to American citizens in designated ports ⓘ
historicalContext	end of Japan’s isolationist sakoku policy ⓘ
historicalPeriod	Bakumatsu period ⓘ linked to: Bakumatsu period reforms
influenced	Meiji Restoration ⓘ downfall of the Tokugawa shogunate ⓘ
legalStatus	unequal in favor of the United States ⓘ
limited	Japanese tariff autonomy ⓘ
locationSigned	Edo ⓘ Japan ⓘ
openedPorts	Edo ⓘ Hyōgo ⓘ Kanagawa ⓘ linked to: Kanagawa Prefecture Niigata ⓘ Osaka ⓘ
openedPorts	Nagasaki ⓘ
partOf	unequal treaties imposed on Tokugawa Japan ⓘ
precededBy	Convention of Kanagawa ⓘ
providedFor	establishment of diplomatic relations between the United States and Japan ⓘ extraterritorial rights for American citizens in Japan ⓘ fixed low import and export tariffs ⓘ most-favored-nation status for the United States in Japan ⓘ opening of Japanese ports to American trade ⓘ residence of American diplomats in Japan ⓘ
replacedBy	later equal treaties after revision of unequal treaties in the late 19th century ⓘ
signedBy	Hotta Masayoshi ⓘ Iijima Kyūzaemon ⓘ Inoue Masanosuke ⓘ Mizuno Tadanori ⓘ Okabe Suruga-no-kami ⓘ Townsend Harris ⓘ Tsuchiya Sagami-no-kami ⓘ
subject	consular jurisdiction ⓘ diplomatic relations ⓘ foreign trade regulation ⓘ tariff policy ⓘ
triggered	domestic opposition within Japan ⓘ
yearSigned	1858 ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (8)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Townsend Harris → notableWork → Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan ⓘ

Emperor Kōmei → opposed → Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Japan and the United States ⓘ

linked to: Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan

Ii Naosuke → signedTreaty → Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan ⓘ

Convention of Kanagawa → followedBy → Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan ⓘ

Harris Treaty of 1858 → officialName → Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan ⓘ

Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan → alsoKnownAs → US–Japan Treaty of Amity and Commerce (1858) ⓘ

linked to: Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan

Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Britain and Japan (1858) → relatedAgreement → Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan, 1858) ⓘ

linked to: Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan

Japanese mission to the United States (1860) → relatedTo → Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan, 1858) ⓘ

linked to: Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan

All labels observed (4)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (47)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (8)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited