Harris Treaty of 1858

E624572

U.S.–Japan treaty bilateral treaty

The Harris Treaty of 1858 was a landmark U.S.–Japan agreement that opened Japanese ports to American trade, granted extraterritorial rights to U.S. citizens, and marked a key step in ending Japan’s isolationist policies.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
Harris Treaty	2
Harris Treaty of 1858 canonical	1
Treaty of Amity and Commerce (Harris Treaty)	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T6860264 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Harris Treaty of 1858
Context triple: [Townsend Harris, notableWork, Harris Treaty of 1858]

A. Treaty of 1854
The Treaty of 1854 was a U.S. government agreement that ceded most of the Omaha people's ancestral lands in present-day Nebraska in exchange for a reservation and other promised provisions.
B. Treaty of Neah Bay
The Treaty of Neah Bay is an 1855 agreement between the United States and the Makah Tribe that secured Makah whaling and fishing rights in exchange for large land cessions on the Olympic Peninsula.
C. Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation
The Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation was a 1794 agreement between the United States and Great Britain that sought to resolve lingering issues from the American Revolutionary War and normalize trade and diplomatic relations.
D. Treaty of Wanghia
The Treaty of Wanghia was an 1844 agreement between the United States and Qing China that granted the U.S. significant trading rights and extraterritorial privileges, marking the first formal diplomatic treaty between the two nations.
E. Webster–Ashburton Treaty
The Webster–Ashburton Treaty was an 1842 agreement between the United States and Great Britain that settled long-standing border disputes in the Northeast and improved Anglo-American relations.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Harris Treaty of 1858
Target entity description: The Harris Treaty of 1858 was a landmark U.S.–Japan agreement that opened Japanese ports to American trade, granted extraterritorial rights to U.S. citizens, and marked a key step in ending Japan’s isolationist policies.

A. Treaty of 1854
The Treaty of 1854 was a U.S. government agreement that ceded most of the Omaha people's ancestral lands in present-day Nebraska in exchange for a reservation and other promised provisions.
B. Treaty of Neah Bay
The Treaty of Neah Bay is an 1855 agreement between the United States and the Makah Tribe that secured Makah whaling and fishing rights in exchange for large land cessions on the Olympic Peninsula.
C. Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation
The Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation was a 1794 agreement between the United States and Great Britain that sought to resolve lingering issues from the American Revolutionary War and normalize trade and diplomatic relations.
D. Treaty of Wanghia
The Treaty of Wanghia was an 1844 agreement between the United States and Qing China that granted the U.S. significant trading rights and extraterritorial privileges, marking the first formal diplomatic treaty between the two nations.
E. Webster–Ashburton Treaty
The Webster–Ashburton Treaty was an 1842 agreement between the United States and Great Britain that settled long-standing border disputes in the Northeast and improved Anglo-American relations.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (45)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	U.S.–Japan treaty ⓘ bilateral treaty ⓘ
aim	to establish formal commercial relations between the United States and Japan ⓘ to secure protection and rights for U.S. citizens in Japan ⓘ
category	1858 treaties ⓘ Treaties of the Tokugawa shogunate NERFINISHED ⓘ
countrySignatory	Japan NERFINISHED ⓘ United States NERFINISHED ⓘ
dateSigned	1858-07-29 ⓘ
effectOnJapan	contributed to the end of Japan’s isolationist sakoku policy ⓘ stimulated foreign trade in Japan ⓘ undermined Tokugawa shogunate authority ⓘ
enteredIntoForce	1859 ⓘ
followed	Treaty of Kanagawa NERFINISHED ⓘ
grantedPrivilege	consular jurisdiction over U.S. citizens in Japan ⓘ residence rights for U.S. citizens in treaty ports ⓘ
grantedRight	extraterritoriality for U.S. citizens in Japan ⓘ most-favored-nation status to the United States ⓘ
historicalPeriod	late Edo period ⓘ
language	English ⓘ Japanese ⓘ
legalStatusInJapan	superseded by later treaties after restoration of tariff autonomy ⓘ
limited	Japan’s tariff autonomy ⓘ
namedAfter	Townsend Harris NERFINISHED ⓘ
negotiatedBy	Townsend Harris NERFINISHED ⓘ
officialName	Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and Japan NERFINISHED ⓘ
openedCity	Edo NERFINISHED ⓘ Osaka NERFINISHED ⓘ
openedPort	Hyogo NERFINISHED ⓘ Kanagawa NERFINISHED ⓘ Nagasaki NERFINISHED ⓘ Niigata NERFINISHED ⓘ
placeSigned	Edo NERFINISHED ⓘ Edo Castle NERFINISHED ⓘ
preceded	other unequal treaties with Western powers in Japan ⓘ
regulated	tariff rates in Japan ⓘ
relatedEvent	Bakumatsu NERFINISHED ⓘ Meiji Restoration NERFINISHED ⓘ opening of Japan ⓘ
shortName	Harris Treaty NERFINISHED ⓘ
signedBy	Ii Naosuke NERFINISHED ⓘ Townsend Harris NERFINISHED ⓘ
subjectOf	U.S.–Japan diplomatic history ⓘ
topic	Western imperialism in East Asia ⓘ foreign concessions in Japan ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (4)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Townsend Harris → notableWork → Harris Treaty of 1858 ⓘ

Japan–United States relations → keyTreaty → Harris Treaty of 1858 ⓘ

this entity surface form: Treaty of Amity and Commerce (Harris Treaty)

Ii Naosuke → signedTreaty → Harris Treaty of 1858 ⓘ

this entity surface form: Harris Treaty

Convention of Kanagawa → followedBy → Harris Treaty of 1858 ⓘ