Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, 18 U.S.C. § 922(q)
E56337
The Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, codified at 18 U.S.C. § 922(q), is a federal statute that criminalized possessing a firearm in a school zone and became notable when the Supreme Court in United States v. Lopez struck it down as exceeding Congress’s Commerce Clause authority.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990 | 4 |
| Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, 18 U.S.C. § 922(q) canonical | 2 |
| Gun-Free School Zones Act | 1 |
| Gun-Free School Zones Act litigation | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T446404 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
Target entity: Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, 18 U.S.C. § 922(q) Context triple: [United States v. Lopez, lawStruckDown, Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, 18 U.S.C. § 922(q)]
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A.
Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act amendments
The Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act amendments are U.S. federal legislative changes that strengthened requirements and funding for preventing drug and alcohol abuse in schools and on college campuses.
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B.
Firearm Owners Protection Act
The Firearm Owners Protection Act is a 1986 U.S. federal law that revised and relaxed certain gun control provisions while adding new restrictions, including the ban on civilian ownership of newly manufactured machine guns.
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C.
National Firearms Act
The National Firearms Act is a U.S. federal law that tightly regulates certain categories of weapons—such as machine guns, short-barreled rifles and shotguns, and silencers—through registration, taxation, and transfer controls.
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D.
Gun Control Act of 1968
The Gun Control Act of 1968 is a landmark U.S. federal law that regulates the firearms industry and gun ownership, including licensing, sales restrictions, and prohibitions on possession by certain categories of individuals.
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E.
Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act
The Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act, commonly known as Arizona SB 1070, is a controversial 2010 Arizona immigration law that empowered state and local police to enforce federal immigration rules and sparked major legal and political battles over immigration enforcement and civil rights.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Target entity: Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, 18 U.S.C. § 922(q) Target entity description: The Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, codified at 18 U.S.C. § 922(q), is a federal statute that criminalized possessing a firearm in a school zone and became notable when the Supreme Court in United States v. Lopez struck it down as exceeding Congress’s Commerce Clause authority.
-
A.
Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act amendments
The Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act amendments are U.S. federal legislative changes that strengthened requirements and funding for preventing drug and alcohol abuse in schools and on college campuses.
-
B.
Firearm Owners Protection Act
The Firearm Owners Protection Act is a 1986 U.S. federal law that revised and relaxed certain gun control provisions while adding new restrictions, including the ban on civilian ownership of newly manufactured machine guns.
-
C.
National Firearms Act
The National Firearms Act is a U.S. federal law that tightly regulates certain categories of weapons—such as machine guns, short-barreled rifles and shotguns, and silencers—through registration, taxation, and transfer controls.
-
D.
Gun Control Act of 1968
The Gun Control Act of 1968 is a landmark U.S. federal law that regulates the firearms industry and gun ownership, including licensing, sales restrictions, and prohibitions on possession by certain categories of individuals.
-
E.
Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act
The Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act, commonly known as Arizona SB 1070, is a controversial 2010 Arizona immigration law that empowered state and local police to enforce federal immigration rules and sparked major legal and political battles over immigration enforcement and civil rights.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States federal statute
ⓘ
criminal law statute ⓘ firearms regulation ⓘ |
| affectedProvision | 18 U.S.C. § 922(q)(1) (original version) ⓘ |
| amendedVersion | 18 U.S.C. § 922(q)(2) (as revised after Lopez) ⓘ |
| appliesNationwide | true ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
elementary schools
ⓘ
secondary schools ⓘ |
| challengedIn |
United States v. Lopez
ⓘ
surface form:
United States v. Lopez, 514 U.S. 549 (1995)
|
| citationFormat | Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, 18 U.S.C. § 922(q) self-linksurface differs ⓘ |
| citedAs | GFSZA ⓘ |
| codifiedAs | 18 U.S.C. § 922(q) ⓘ |
| commerceNexusRequirement | as amended, firearm must have moved in or otherwise affect interstate or foreign commerce ⓘ |
| constitutionalIssue | scope of Congress’s Commerce Clause power ⓘ |
| containsException |
firearm on private property not part of school grounds
ⓘ
firearm that is unloaded and in a locked container or locked firearms rack ⓘ individual licensed to possess firearm by the state ⓘ law enforcement officers acting in official capacity ⓘ use of a firearm in a school zone as part of a program approved by a school ⓘ use of a firearm in accordance with a contract with a school ⓘ |
| defines | school zone ⓘ |
| enactedBy | United States Congress ⓘ |
| enforcementAgency |
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
ⓘ
United States Department of Justice ⓘ |
| hasTitle |
Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, 18 U.S.C. § 922(q)
self-link
ⓘ
surface form:
Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990
|
| heldUnconstitutionalIn | United States v. Lopez ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States government
ⓘ
surface form:
United States federal government
|
| language | English ⓘ |
| legislativeType | public law ⓘ |
| locatedInTitle | Title 18 of the United States Code ⓘ |
| maximumPenalty | up to 5 years imprisonment (original version) ⓘ |
| notableCase | United States v. Lopez ⓘ |
| partOf | Crime Control Act of 1990 ⓘ |
| penaltyType | federal criminal penalties ⓘ |
| policyGoal | reduce gun violence in and around schools ⓘ |
| postLopezAction | Congress amended statute to add interstate-commerce nexus ⓘ |
| primaryCitation | 18 U.S.C. § 922(q) ⓘ |
| prohibits | knowingly possessing a firearm in a school zone ⓘ |
| reasonForInvalidation | exceeded Congress’s authority under the Commerce Clause ⓘ |
| regulates | possession of firearms in school zones ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Commerce Clause
ⓘ
surface form:
Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution
federalism in the United States ⓘ |
| schoolZoneDefinition |
in or on the grounds of a school
ⓘ
within 1,000 feet of the grounds of a school ⓘ |
| signedBy | George H. W. Bush ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
firearms possession
ⓘ
school safety ⓘ |
| yearEnacted | 1990 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Subject: Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, 18 U.S.C. § 922(q) Description of subject: The Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, codified at 18 U.S.C. § 922(q), is a federal statute that criminalized possessing a firearm in a school zone and became notable when the Supreme Court in United States v. Lopez struck it down as exceeding Congress’s Commerce Clause authority.
Referenced by (8)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.