Keytruda
E468955
Keytruda is a widely used immunotherapy cancer drug (pembrolizumab) that works by blocking the PD-1 pathway to help the immune system attack tumors.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Keytruda canonical | 3 |
| pembrolizumab | 3 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4784886 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Keytruda Context triple: [Merck & Co., notableDrug, Keytruda]
-
A.
Tecentriq
Tecentriq is an immunotherapy cancer drug (atezolizumab) that targets the PD-L1 protein to help the immune system attack tumors in various cancers.
-
B.
Imbruvica
Imbruvica is a targeted cancer therapy (a Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor) used primarily to treat certain types of blood cancers such as mantle cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
-
C.
Alimta
Alimta is a chemotherapy drug (pemetrexed) primarily used to treat malignant pleural mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer.
-
D.
Onpattro
Onpattro is an RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutic used to treat polyneuropathy in adults with hereditary transthyretin-mediated (hATTR) amyloidosis.
-
E.
Inflectra
Inflectra is a biosimilar monoclonal antibody to infliximab used to treat autoimmune inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Keytruda Target entity description: Keytruda is a widely used immunotherapy cancer drug (pembrolizumab) that works by blocking the PD-1 pathway to help the immune system attack tumors.
-
A.
Tecentriq
Tecentriq is an immunotherapy cancer drug (atezolizumab) that targets the PD-L1 protein to help the immune system attack tumors in various cancers.
-
B.
Imbruvica
Imbruvica is a targeted cancer therapy (a Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor) used primarily to treat certain types of blood cancers such as mantle cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
-
C.
Alimta
Alimta is a chemotherapy drug (pemetrexed) primarily used to treat malignant pleural mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer.
-
D.
Onpattro
Onpattro is an RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutic used to treat polyneuropathy in adults with hereditary transthyretin-mediated (hATTR) amyloidosis.
-
E.
Inflectra
Inflectra is a biosimilar monoclonal antibody to infliximab used to treat autoimmune inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (55)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
checkpoint inhibitor
ⓘ
immunotherapy ⓘ monoclonal antibody ⓘ pharmaceutical drug ⓘ |
| approvedBy |
European Medicines Agency
ⓘ
U.S. Food and Drug Administration ⓘ
linked to:
Food and Drug Administration
|
| belongsToPathway |
PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway
ⓘ
immune checkpoint pathway ⓘ |
| commonAdverseEffect |
diarrhea
ⓘ
endocrinopathies ⓘ fatigue ⓘ immune-related colitis ⓘ immune-related hepatitis ⓘ immune-related pneumonitis ⓘ nausea ⓘ pruritus ⓘ rash ⓘ |
| developedBy | Merck & Co. ⓘ |
| developerCountry |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| firstFDAApprovalYear | 2014 ⓘ |
| firstIndication | unresectable or metastatic melanoma ⓘ |
| formulation | solution for infusion ⓘ |
| hasATCCode | L01FF02 ⓘ |
| hasCASNumber | 1374853-91-4 ⓘ |
| hasDrugClass | PD-1 inhibitor ⓘ |
| hasGenericName | pembrolizumab ⓘ |
| hasIndicationType |
advanced cancer
ⓘ
metastatic cancer ⓘ unresectable cancer ⓘ |
| hasINN |
pembrolizumab
ⓘ
linked to:
Keytruda
|
| hasMoleculeType |
IgG4 kappa antibody
ⓘ
humanized monoclonal antibody ⓘ |
| hasTradeName | Keytruda ⓘ |
| isAdministeredBy | healthcare professional ⓘ |
| isPrescriptionDrug | true ⓘ |
| mechanismOfAction |
blocks PD-1 pathway
ⓘ
enhances T-cell mediated immune response against tumors ⓘ |
| routeOfAdministration | intravenous ⓘ |
| targets |
PD-1 receptor
ⓘ
linked to:
PD-1
programmed cell death protein 1 ⓘ |
| usedFor |
cancer treatment
ⓘ
cervical cancer ⓘ classical Hodgkin lymphoma ⓘ
linked to:
Hodgkin lymphoma
endometrial carcinoma ⓘ esophageal cancer ⓘ gastric cancer ⓘ head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ⓘ hepatocellular carcinoma ⓘ melanoma ⓘ microsatellite instability-high cancers ⓘ mismatch repair deficient cancers ⓘ non-small cell lung cancer ⓘ renal cell carcinoma ⓘ triple-negative breast cancer ⓘ urothelial carcinoma ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Keytruda Description of subject: Keytruda is a widely used immunotherapy cancer drug (pembrolizumab) that works by blocking the PD-1 pathway to help the immune system attack tumors.
Referenced by (6)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Keytruda
linked to: Keytruda