Kosmos-3M
E400700
Kosmos-3M was a Soviet and later Russian two-stage orbital launch vehicle widely used from the 1960s to the 2000s to place small satellites into low Earth orbit.
All labels observed (2)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3937832 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kosmos-3M Context triple: [Plesetsk Cosmodrome, launchVehicleUsed, Kosmos-3M]
-
A.
Molniya-M rocket
The Molniya-M rocket was a Soviet expendable launch vehicle widely used during the Cold War era to place communications, navigation, and scientific satellites into highly elliptical Molniya orbits.
-
B.
Molniya 8K78
Molniya 8K78 was a Soviet four-stage derivative of the R-7 rocket family, used primarily in the 1960s to launch deep-space probes such as early Luna and Mars missions.
-
C.
Soyuz rocket
The Soyuz rocket is a long-serving Russian expendable launch vehicle renowned for reliably transporting crews and cargo to low Earth orbit, including missions to the International Space Station.
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D.
R-7 Semyorka rocket
The R-7 Semyorka rocket was the world’s first intercontinental ballistic missile and the launch vehicle that placed Sputnik, the first artificial satellite, into orbit, marking the start of the space age.
-
E.
Vostok-2 rocket
The Vostok-2 rocket was a Soviet expendable launch vehicle derived from the R-7 family, used primarily in the early 1960s to launch reconnaissance and scientific satellites into low Earth orbit.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kosmos-3M Target entity description: Kosmos-3M was a Soviet and later Russian two-stage orbital launch vehicle widely used from the 1960s to the 2000s to place small satellites into low Earth orbit.
-
A.
Molniya-M rocket
The Molniya-M rocket was a Soviet expendable launch vehicle widely used during the Cold War era to place communications, navigation, and scientific satellites into highly elliptical Molniya orbits.
-
B.
Molniya 8K78
Molniya 8K78 was a Soviet four-stage derivative of the R-7 rocket family, used primarily in the 1960s to launch deep-space probes such as early Luna and Mars missions.
-
C.
Soyuz rocket
The Soyuz rocket is a long-serving Russian expendable launch vehicle renowned for reliably transporting crews and cargo to low Earth orbit, including missions to the International Space Station.
-
D.
R-7 Semyorka rocket
The R-7 Semyorka rocket was the world’s first intercontinental ballistic missile and the launch vehicle that placed Sputnik, the first artificial satellite, into orbit, marking the start of the space age.
-
E.
Vostok-2 rocket
The Vostok-2 rocket was a Soviet expendable launch vehicle derived from the R-7 family, used primarily in the early 1960s to launch reconnaissance and scientific satellites into low Earth orbit.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
expendable launch system
ⓘ
orbital launch vehicle ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Kosmos-3M
ⓘ
surface form:
Cosmos-3M
|
| countryOfOrigin |
Russia
ⓘ
Soviet Union ⓘ |
| derivedFrom |
R-14 Chusovaya missile
ⓘ
surface form:
R-14 missile
|
| diameter | about 2.4 meters ⓘ |
| family | Kosmos rocket family ⓘ |
| firstFlightDate | 1967-11-16 ⓘ |
| firstStageEngineType | RD-219 ⓘ |
| firstStageRole | initial ascent and boost phase ⓘ |
| fuelType | nitrogen tetroxide / UDMH ⓘ |
| guidanceSystem | inertial guidance ⓘ |
| intendedOrbit | low Earth orbit ⓘ |
| launchAzimuthRange | various inclinations from Plesetsk ⓘ |
| launchConfiguration |
two-stage liquid-fueled rocket
ⓘ
two-stage stacked configuration ⓘ |
| launchMass | about 109000 kilograms ⓘ |
| launchRecord | one of the most frequently flown Soviet/Russian launchers ⓘ |
| launchSitesUsed |
Kapustin Yar
ⓘ
Plesetsk Cosmodrome ⓘ |
| length | about 32 meters ⓘ |
| manufacturer |
PO Polyot
ⓘ
Yuzhnoye Design Bureau ⓘ |
| notableUse |
launch of communications satellites
ⓘ
launch of military satellites ⓘ launch of scientific satellites ⓘ |
| numberOfStages | 2 ⓘ |
| operatedBy |
Russian Aerospace Forces
ⓘ
surface form:
Russian Space Forces
Soviet space program ⓘ
surface form:
Soviet Space Program
|
| operatorType | military ⓘ |
| originTechnology | ballistic missile conversion ⓘ |
| payloadToLEO | approximately 1400 kilograms ⓘ |
| programPeriod | Cold War era ⓘ |
| propellantType | liquid ⓘ |
| retirementDate | 2010-04-27 ⓘ |
| role | orbital insertion of small payloads ⓘ |
| secondStageEngineType |
RD-219
ⓘ
surface form:
RD-219M
|
| serviceLife | over 40 years ⓘ |
| status | retired ⓘ |
| successor | Rokot ⓘ |
| successRate | high ⓘ |
| totalLaunches | over 440 ⓘ |
| typicalPayloadClass | small satellites ⓘ |
| upperStageRole | final orbit insertion ⓘ |
| usedFromDecade | 1960s ⓘ |
| usedUntilDecade | 2010s ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Kosmos-3M Description of subject: Kosmos-3M was a Soviet and later Russian two-stage orbital launch vehicle widely used from the 1960s to the 2000s to place small satellites into low Earth orbit.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Cosmos-3M