Outer Space Treaty
E26340
The Outer Space Treaty is the foundational international agreement that sets the basic legal framework for the peaceful, non-sovereign use and exploration of outer space by states.
All labels observed (3)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T206482 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Outer Space Treaty Context triple: [Moon, governingTreaty, Outer Space Treaty]
-
A.
National Aeronautics and Space Act
The National Aeronautics and Space Act is the 1958 U.S. federal law that created NASA and established the nation’s civilian space program and aerospace research framework.
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B.
Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty
The Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty was a 1972 arms control agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union that limited missile defense systems to preserve the balance of nuclear deterrence during the Cold War.
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C.
Antarctic Treaty System
The Antarctic Treaty System is an international legal framework that regulates activities in Antarctica, preserving it for peaceful, scientific use and suspending territorial sovereignty claims.
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D.
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea is an international treaty that defines nations’ rights and responsibilities in the world’s oceans, including maritime boundaries, resource exploitation, navigation, and environmental protection.
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E.
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations
The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations is a key international treaty that codifies the rules and protections governing diplomatic missions and their personnel between sovereign states.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Outer Space Treaty Target entity description: The Outer Space Treaty is the foundational international agreement that sets the basic legal framework for the peaceful, non-sovereign use and exploration of outer space by states.
-
A.
National Aeronautics and Space Act
The National Aeronautics and Space Act is the 1958 U.S. federal law that created NASA and established the nation’s civilian space program and aerospace research framework.
-
B.
Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty
The Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty was a 1972 arms control agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union that limited missile defense systems to preserve the balance of nuclear deterrence during the Cold War.
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C.
Antarctic Treaty System
The Antarctic Treaty System is an international legal framework that regulates activities in Antarctica, preserving it for peaceful, scientific use and suspending territorial sovereignty claims.
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D.
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea is an international treaty that defines nations’ rights and responsibilities in the world’s oceans, including maritime boundaries, resource exploitation, navigation, and environmental protection.
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E.
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations
The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations is a key international treaty that codifies the rules and protections governing diplomatic missions and their personnel between sovereign states.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (59)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United Nations treaty
ⓘ
international treaty ⓘ space law treaty ⓘ |
| adoptedBy | United Nations General Assembly ⓘ |
| adoptionResolution | UN General Assembly Resolution 2222 (XXI) ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
Moon
ⓘ
other celestial bodies ⓘ outer space ⓘ |
| defines | astronauts as envoys of mankind ⓘ |
| depository |
Russia
ⓘ
surface form:
Russian Federation
United Kingdom ⓘ United States of America ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| enteredIntoForceOn | 1967-10-10 ⓘ |
| enteredIntoForceStatus | in force ⓘ |
| foundationFor | modern international space law ⓘ |
| fullName |
Outer Space Treaty
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies
|
| initialSignatoriesIncluded |
Soviet Union
ⓘ
United Kingdom ⓘ United States of America ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| language |
Arabic
ⓘ
Chinese ⓘ English ⓘ French ⓘ Russian ⓘ Spanish ⓘ |
| negotiatedDuring | Cold War ⓘ |
| obliges |
states to avoid adverse changes in the environment of the Earth resulting from space activities
ⓘ
states to avoid harmful contamination of outer space and celestial bodies ⓘ |
| openedForSignatureOn | 1967-01-27 ⓘ |
| placeSigned |
London, England
ⓘ
surface form:
London
Moscow ⓘ Washington, D.C. ⓘ |
| principle |
avoidance of harmful contamination of space and celestial bodies
ⓘ
freedom of exploration and use of outer space ⓘ international responsibility for national space activities ⓘ liability for damage caused by space objects ⓘ non-appropriation of outer space ⓘ peaceful purposes of outer space ⓘ use of the Moon and other celestial bodies exclusively for peaceful purposes ⓘ |
| prohibits |
conduct of military maneuvers on the Moon and other celestial bodies
ⓘ
establishment of military bases on the Moon and other celestial bodies ⓘ national appropriation of outer space by claim of sovereignty ⓘ national appropriation of the Moon and other celestial bodies ⓘ placement of nuclear weapons in orbit ⓘ placement of weapons of mass destruction in outer space ⓘ testing of weapons on the Moon and other celestial bodies ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Liability Convention
ⓘ
Moon Agreement (limited signatories) ⓘ
surface form:
Moon Agreement
Registration Convention ⓘ Rescue Agreement ⓘ |
| requires |
authorization and continuing supervision of non-governmental space activities by states parties
ⓘ
due regard to the corresponding interests of all other states parties ⓘ international responsibility of states for national activities in outer space ⓘ prompt assistance to astronauts in distress ⓘ registration of space objects through appropriate channels ⓘ |
| scope |
activities of states in outer space
ⓘ
exploration and use of outer space ⓘ |
| shortName | Outer Space Treaty self-link ⓘ |
| subject | space law ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Outer Space Treaty Description of subject: The Outer Space Treaty is the foundational international agreement that sets the basic legal framework for the peaceful, non-sovereign use and exploration of outer space by states.
Referenced by (29)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies
subject surface form:
Moon Agreement
this entity surface form:
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies
this entity surface form:
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies
this entity surface form:
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies
this entity surface form:
Outer Space Treaty of 1967
this entity surface form:
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies
Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, the Return of Astronauts and the Return of Objects Launched into Outer Space
→
relatedTo
→
Outer Space Treaty
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies
Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects
→
relatedTo
→
Outer Space Treaty
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies
Principles Governing the Use by States of Artificial Earth Satellites for International Direct Television Broadcasting
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basedOn
→
Outer Space Treaty
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies
Principles Relating to Remote Sensing of the Earth from Outer Space
→
basedOn
→
Outer Space Treaty
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies
Principles Relating to Remote Sensing of the Earth from Outer Space
→
basedOn
→
Outer Space Treaty
ⓘ
Principles Relevant to the Use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space
→
basedOn
→
Outer Space Treaty
ⓘ
Legal Subcommittee of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space
→
topicOfWork
→
Outer Space Treaty
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies
Declaration of Legal Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space
→
influenced
→
Outer Space Treaty
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies