Old Turkic script
E128743
The Old Turkic script is an ancient runiform alphabet used by early Turkic peoples to write the earliest known Turkic inscriptions across Central Asia.
All labels observed (9)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Old Turkic script canonical | 12 |
| Göktürk script | 1 |
| Old Hungarian script | 1 |
| Old Turkic block | 1 |
| Old Turkic runiform script | 1 |
| Orkhon script | 1 |
| Orkhon standard | 1 |
| Turkic runes | 1 |
| runiform Old Turkic alphabet | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1040441 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Old Turkic script Context triple: [Kazakh language, historicalWritingSystem, Old Turkic script]
-
A.
Classical Mongolian script
Classical Mongolian script is the historic vertical writing system used for the Mongolian language, derived from the Old Uyghur alphabet and still employed in Inner Mongolia today.
-
B.
Kharoṣṭhī script
The Kharoṣṭhī script is an ancient right-to-left writing system used in northwestern South Asia, especially in the Gandhāra region, primarily for early Buddhist and administrative texts.
-
C.
Ruqʿah script
Ruqʿah script is a simple, highly legible Arabic handwriting style commonly used for everyday writing and official documents in the Arab world.
-
D.
Tirhuta script
Tirhuta script is a traditional Brahmic writing system historically used for the Maithili language of the Mithila region in India and Nepal.
-
E.
Geʽez script
The Geʽez script is an ancient abugida writing system originating in the Horn of Africa, primarily used for the Geʽez language and later adapted for several modern Ethiopian and Eritrean languages.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Old Turkic script Target entity description: The Old Turkic script is an ancient runiform alphabet used by early Turkic peoples to write the earliest known Turkic inscriptions across Central Asia.
-
A.
Classical Mongolian script
Classical Mongolian script is the historic vertical writing system used for the Mongolian language, derived from the Old Uyghur alphabet and still employed in Inner Mongolia today.
-
B.
Kharoṣṭhī script
The Kharoṣṭhī script is an ancient right-to-left writing system used in northwestern South Asia, especially in the Gandhāra region, primarily for early Buddhist and administrative texts.
-
C.
Ruqʿah script
Ruqʿah script is a simple, highly legible Arabic handwriting style commonly used for everyday writing and official documents in the Arab world.
-
D.
Tirhuta script
Tirhuta script is a traditional Brahmic writing system historically used for the Maithili language of the Mithila region in India and Nepal.
-
E.
Geʽez script
The Geʽez script is an ancient abugida writing system originating in the Horn of Africa, primarily used for the Geʽez language and later adapted for several modern Ethiopian and Eritrean languages.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
alphabet
ⓘ
historical script ⓘ runiform script ⓘ writing system ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Old Turkic script
ⓘ
surface form:
Göktürk script
Old Turkic script ⓘ
surface form:
Orkhon script
Old Turkic script ⓘ
surface form:
Turkic runes
|
| associatedEmpire | Göktürk Khaganate ⓘ |
| associatedReligion | Tengrism ⓘ |
| decipheredBy | Vilhelm Thomsen ⓘ |
| deciphermentYear | 1893 ⓘ |
| direction | right-to-left ⓘ |
| eraOfUse | circa 7th–10th centuries CE ⓘ |
| hasCharacterType |
consonant letters
ⓘ
vowel letters ⓘ |
| hasDistinctFeature |
angular runiform shapes
ⓘ
separate letters for front and back vowels ⓘ |
| iso15924Code | Orkh ⓘ |
| notableInscription |
Orkhon inscriptions
ⓘ
Talass inscriptions ⓘ Yenisei inscriptions ⓘ |
| numberOfLetters | 38 ⓘ |
| primaryLanguage |
Old Turkic language
ⓘ
surface form:
Old Turkic
|
| region |
Central Asia
ⓘ
Mongolia ⓘ Siberia ⓘ |
| scriptCategory | Brahmic-influenced scripts ⓘ |
| scriptFamily | Turkic scripts ⓘ |
| scriptForm | runic-like ⓘ |
| scriptUsage |
administrative texts
ⓘ
commemorative stelae ⓘ monumental inscriptions ⓘ |
| successorScript |
Old Uyghur alphabet
ⓘ
surface form:
Old Uyghur script
|
| timePeriod |
8th century
ⓘ
9th century ⓘ |
| unicodeBlock |
Old Turkic language
ⓘ
surface form:
Old Turkic
|
| unicodeRange | U+10C00–U+10C4F ⓘ |
| usedBy |
Göktürk Khaganate
ⓘ
surface form:
Göktürks
Uyghurs ⓘ early Turkic peoples ⓘ |
| usedFor | Old Turkic language ⓘ |
| writingDirectionDetail | horizontally right-to-left ⓘ |
| writingMedium |
metal
ⓘ
paper ⓘ stone inscriptions ⓘ wood ⓘ |
| writingSystemStatus | extinct ⓘ |
| writingSystemType | alphabetic ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Old Turkic script Description of subject: The Old Turkic script is an ancient runiform alphabet used by early Turkic peoples to write the earliest known Turkic inscriptions across Central Asia.
Referenced by (20)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Aramaic alphabet
this entity surface form:
runiform Old Turkic alphabet
this entity surface form:
Old Hungarian script
this entity surface form:
Old Turkic runiform script
this entity surface form:
Orkhon standard
this entity surface form:
Old Turkic block
this entity surface form:
Göktürk script
this entity surface form:
Orkhon script
this entity surface form:
Turkic runes