Old Turkic (runiform and Uyghur-script traditions)
E91014
Old Turkic (runiform and Uyghur-script traditions) is the earliest attested stage of the Turkic languages, known from inscriptions and manuscripts written in the Old Turkic runiform (Orkhon) and Uyghur scripts across Central Asia and surrounding regions.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Old Turkic | 1 |
| Old Turkic (runiform and Uyghur-script traditions) canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T771711 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Old Turkic (runiform and Uyghur-script traditions) Context triple: [Old Anatolian Turkish, distinguishedFrom, Old Turkic (runiform and Uyghur-script traditions)]
-
A.
Classical Mongolian script
Classical Mongolian script is the historic vertical writing system used for the Mongolian language, derived from the Old Uyghur alphabet and still employed in Inner Mongolia today.
-
B.
Chagatai Turkic
Chagatai Turkic is a historical Turkic literary language that served as a major cultural and administrative lingua franca in Central Asia, especially under Turkic-Mongol and Timurid rule.
-
C.
Uyghur language (historically)
The historical Uyghur language refers to earlier Turkic varieties used by the Uyghur people, which were written in scripts such as Perso-Arabic and played a key role in the literary and cultural history of Central Asia.
-
D.
Kufic script
Kufic script is the oldest extant form of Arabic calligraphy, characterized by its angular, geometric letterforms and prominent use in early Qur’anic manuscripts and architectural inscriptions.
-
E.
Ruqʿah script
Ruqʿah script is a simple, highly legible Arabic handwriting style commonly used for everyday writing and official documents in the Arab world.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Old Turkic (runiform and Uyghur-script traditions) Target entity description: Old Turkic (runiform and Uyghur-script traditions) is the earliest attested stage of the Turkic languages, known from inscriptions and manuscripts written in the Old Turkic runiform (Orkhon) and Uyghur scripts across Central Asia and surrounding regions.
-
A.
Classical Mongolian script
Classical Mongolian script is the historic vertical writing system used for the Mongolian language, derived from the Old Uyghur alphabet and still employed in Inner Mongolia today.
-
B.
Chagatai Turkic
Chagatai Turkic is a historical Turkic literary language that served as a major cultural and administrative lingua franca in Central Asia, especially under Turkic-Mongol and Timurid rule.
-
C.
Uyghur language (historically)
The historical Uyghur language refers to earlier Turkic varieties used by the Uyghur people, which were written in scripts such as Perso-Arabic and played a key role in the literary and cultural history of Central Asia.
-
D.
Kufic script
Kufic script is the oldest extant form of Arabic calligraphy, characterized by its angular, geometric letterforms and prominent use in early Qur’anic manuscripts and architectural inscriptions.
-
E.
Ruqʿah script
Ruqʿah script is a simple, highly legible Arabic handwriting style commonly used for everyday writing and official documents in the Arab world.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (53)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Turkic language
ⓘ
historical language ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Old Turkic language
ⓘ
surface form:
Göktürk language
Old Turkic language ⓘ
surface form:
Old Turkic
Old Turkic language ⓘ
surface form:
Old Uyghur language
Old Turkic language ⓘ
surface form:
Orkhon Turkic
|
| attestedIn |
Central Asia
ⓘ
Dunhuang ⓘ Gansu Province ⓘ
surface form:
Gansu
Mongolia ⓘ Turpan ⓘ
surface form:
Turfan
Xinjiang ⓘ inscriptions ⓘ manuscripts ⓘ paper manuscripts ⓘ stone stelae ⓘ wooden documents ⓘ |
| earlyFormOf | Turkic languages ⓘ |
| followedBy |
Chagatai Turkic
ⓘ
surface form:
Middle Turkic
|
| follows | Proto-Turkic ⓘ |
| hasFeature |
lack of grammatical gender
ⓘ
rich case system ⓘ vowel harmony ⓘ |
| ISO639-3Code | otk ⓘ |
| languageBranch | Common Turkic ⓘ |
| languageFamily | Turkic ⓘ |
| notableCorpus |
Old Uyghur Buddhist texts
ⓘ
Old Uyghur Christian texts ⓘ Manichaean script ⓘ
surface form:
Old Uyghur Manichaean texts
Orkhon inscriptions ⓘ Talasp inscriptions ⓘ Turfan manuscripts ⓘ Talasp inscriptions ⓘ
surface form:
Yenisei inscriptions
|
| partOf | Oghuric–Common Turkic split period ⓘ |
| scriptTradition |
Uyghur-script tradition
ⓘ
runiform tradition ⓘ |
| standardForm |
Old Uyghur standard
ⓘ
Old Turkic script ⓘ
surface form:
Orkhon standard
|
| subclassOf |
Southeastern Turkic
ⓘ
surface form:
Common Turkic
|
| timePeriod |
10th century
ⓘ
11th century ⓘ 7th century ⓘ 8th century ⓘ 9th century ⓘ |
| typology | agglutinative language ⓘ |
| usedBy |
Göktürk Khaganate
ⓘ
Uyghur Khaganate ⓘ
surface form:
Qocho Uyghur Kingdom
Göktürk Khaganate ⓘ
surface form:
Second Turkic Khaganate
Uyghur Khaganate ⓘ |
| wordOrder | SOV ⓘ |
| writingDirection | right-to-left ⓘ |
| writingSystem |
Old Turkic script
ⓘ
surface form:
Old Turkic runiform script
Old Uyghur alphabet ⓘ
surface form:
Old Uyghur script
|
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Old Turkic (runiform and Uyghur-script traditions) Description of subject: Old Turkic (runiform and Uyghur-script traditions) is the earliest attested stage of the Turkic languages, known from inscriptions and manuscripts written in the Old Turkic runiform (Orkhon) and Uyghur scripts across Central Asia and surrounding regions.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Old Turkic