Hannibal (Carthaginian general)
E11810
Hannibal was a renowned Carthaginian military commander of the Second Punic War, best known for leading his army, including war elephants, across the Alps to fight the Roman Republic.
All labels observed (8)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Hannibal Barca | 62 |
| Hannibal | 31 |
| Hannibal (Carthaginian general) canonical | 3 |
| Hannibal of Carthage | 2 |
| HANNIBAL | 1 |
| Hamilcar Barca (as military mentor) | 1 |
| Hannibal Barca – general | 1 |
| Hannibal, son of Gisco | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T110824 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Hannibal (Carthaginian general) Context triple: [Hannibal, Missouri, namedAfter, Hannibal (Carthaginian general)]
-
A.
Alexander
Alexander is a common male given name of Greek origin, meaning "defender of men."
-
B.
Julius
Julius is the first given name of J. Robert Oppenheimer, the American theoretical physicist known as the "father of the atomic bomb."
-
C.
Erwin Rommel
Erwin Rommel was a highly respected German field marshal of World War II, famed for his bold and skillful leadership of Axis forces in North Africa and his reputation as the "Desert Fox."
-
D.
Punic Wars
The Punic Wars were a series of three major conflicts between ancient Rome and Carthage that ultimately led to Roman dominance over the western Mediterranean.
-
E.
Andreas
Andreas is a masculine given name of Greek origin, commonly used in various European and international cultures.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Hannibal (Carthaginian general) Target entity description: Hannibal was a renowned Carthaginian military commander of the Second Punic War, best known for leading his army, including war elephants, across the Alps to fight the Roman Republic.
-
A.
Alexander
Alexander is a common male given name of Greek origin, meaning "defender of men."
-
B.
Julius
Julius is the first given name of J. Robert Oppenheimer, the American theoretical physicist known as the "father of the atomic bomb."
-
C.
Erwin Rommel
Erwin Rommel was a highly respected German field marshal of World War II, famed for his bold and skillful leadership of Axis forces in North Africa and his reputation as the "Desert Fox."
-
D.
Punic Wars
The Punic Wars were a series of three major conflicts between ancient Rome and Carthage that ultimately led to Roman dominance over the western Mediterranean.
-
E.
Andreas
Andreas is a masculine given name of Greek origin, commonly used in various European and international cultures.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (85)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Carthaginian general
ⓘ
human ⓘ military commander ⓘ politician ⓘ statesman ⓘ |
| advisorTo |
Antiochus III the Great
ⓘ
Prusias I of Bithynia ⓘ |
| allegiance |
Carthage
ⓘ
surface form:
Carthaginian Republic
|
| birthPlace | Carthage ⓘ |
| campaignTheater |
Alps
ⓘ
Iberian Peninsula ⓘ Italian Peninsula ⓘ North Africa ⓘ |
| conflict |
First Macedonian War (as ally of Philip V of Macedon)
ⓘ
Second Punic War ⓘ |
| countryOfCitizenship | Carthage ⓘ |
| culture | Punic ⓘ |
| deathCause | suicide by poison ⓘ |
| deathPlace |
Bithynia
ⓘ
near Libyssa (in modern Turkey) ⓘ |
| describedIn |
Appian’s Roman History
ⓘ
Livy ⓘ
surface form:
Livy’s Ab Urbe Condita
Plutarch’s Parallel Lives ⓘ Polybius’ Histories ⓘ |
| era |
2nd century BC
ⓘ
3rd century BC ⓘ |
| ethnicGroup | Carthaginian ⓘ |
| familyName | Barca ⓘ |
| father | Hamilcar Barca ⓘ |
| fullName |
Hannibal (Carthaginian general)
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Hannibal Barca
|
| givenName |
Hannibal (Carthaginian general)
self-link
ⓘ
surface form:
Hannibal
|
| influenced |
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
ⓘ
surface form:
Duke of Wellington
Napoleon Bonaparte ⓘ Roman military doctrine ⓘ modern military strategy ⓘ |
| knownFor |
crossing the Alps with war elephants
ⓘ
defeating several Roman armies in Italy ⓘ leading Carthaginian forces in the Second Punic War ⓘ tactical victory at the Battle of Cannae ⓘ use of double‑envelopment tactics ⓘ |
| languageSpoken |
Greeks
ⓘ
surface form:
Greek
Latin (at least to some extent) ⓘ Phoenician language ⓘ
surface form:
Punic language
|
| legacy |
considered one of the greatest military commanders in history
ⓘ
symbol of resistance to Rome ⓘ |
| militaryBranch | Carthaginian army ⓘ |
| militaryRank |
general
ⓘ
strategos autokrator ⓘ |
| name |
Hannibal (Carthaginian general)
self-link
ⓘ
surface form:
Hannibal
|
| nativeLanguage |
Phoenician language
ⓘ
surface form:
Punic language
|
| notableBattle |
Battle of Cannae
ⓘ
Battle of Lake Trasimene ⓘ Battle of Zama ⓘ
surface form:
Battle of Zama (as Carthaginian commander)
Battle of the Metaurus ⓘ Battle of the Ticinus ⓘ Battle of Trebia ⓘ
surface form:
Battle of the Trebia
|
| notableStudentOf |
Hannibal (Carthaginian general)
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Hamilcar Barca (as military mentor)
|
| notableWork |
Battle of Cannae
ⓘ
Battle of Lake Trasimene ⓘ Battle of Trebia ⓘ Battle of the Metaurus (as opposing commander) ⓘ Col du Mont Cenis ⓘ
surface form:
Crossing of the Alps
Second Punic War ⓘ
surface form:
Second Punic War campaigns in Italy
|
| opponent |
Gaius Terentius Varro
ⓘ
Lucius Aemilius Paullus ⓘ Scipio Africanus ⓘ
surface form:
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus
Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus ⓘ Roman Republic ⓘ |
| positionHeld |
Carthaginian naval planner (in later career)
ⓘ
military commander in chief of Carthaginian forces in Spain ⓘ suffete of Carthage ⓘ |
| religion | Punic polytheism ⓘ |
| residence |
Bithynia
ⓘ
Carthage ⓘ Qart Hadasht (Carthago Nova, in Iberia) ⓘ court of Antiochus III in the Seleucid Empire ⓘ various Italian cities under Carthaginian control ⓘ |
| sibling |
Hasdrubal Barca
ⓘ
Mago Barca ⓘ |
| strategicGoal |
to break Roman power in the western Mediterranean
ⓘ
to detach Rome’s Italian allies ⓘ |
| usedMilitaryAnimal |
cavalry horses
ⓘ
war elephant ⓘ |
| usedMilitaryFormation |
ambush
ⓘ
double envelopment ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Hannibal (Carthaginian general) Description of subject: Hannibal was a renowned Carthaginian military commander of the Second Punic War, best known for leading his army, including war elephants, across the Alps to fight the Roman Republic.
Referenced by (102)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Hannibal, Missouri
subject surface form:
Second Punic War
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal
subject surface form:
Hannibal
this entity surface form:
Hannibal
Hannibal (Carthaginian general)
→
fullName
→
Hannibal (Carthaginian general)
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
subject surface form:
Hannibal
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
subject surface form:
Hannibal
this entity surface form:
Hannibal
Hannibal (Carthaginian general)
→
notableStudentOf
→
Hannibal (Carthaginian general)
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
subject surface form:
Hannibal
this entity surface form:
Hamilcar Barca (as military mentor)
this entity surface form:
HANNIBAL
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal
this entity surface form:
Hannibal
this entity surface form:
Hannibal of Carthage
subject surface form:
Hannibal, Missouri
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca – general
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
First Macedonian War (as ally of Philip V of Macedon)
→
hasParticipant
→
Hannibal (Carthaginian general)
ⓘ
subject surface form:
First Macedonian War
this entity surface form:
Hannibal
First Macedonian War (as ally of Philip V of Macedon)
→
alliedWith
→
Hannibal (Carthaginian general)
ⓘ
subject surface form:
First Macedonian War
this entity surface form:
Hannibal
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
subject surface form:
Qart Hadasht
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
subject surface form:
Ab Urbe Condita
this entity surface form:
Hannibal
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal
this entity surface form:
Hannibal
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal Barca
this entity surface form:
Hannibal