|
gptkbp:instanceOf
|
gptkb:organization
secret society
|
|
gptkbp:activeDuring
|
19th century
20th century
|
|
gptkbp:associatedWith
|
gptkb:Chinese_diaspora
gptkb:Chinatowns
|
|
gptkbp:declinedAfter
|
mid-20th century
|
|
gptkbp:engagedIn
|
gambling
prostitution
mutual aid
protection
extortion
illegal activities
opium trade
|
|
gptkbp:historicalSignificance
|
provided social services
engaged in criminal activity
influenced Chinese-American community politics
|
|
https://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label
|
Chinese-American tongs
|
|
gptkbp:language
|
gptkb:Cantonese
gptkb:Toisanese
|
|
gptkbp:location
|
gptkb:Boston
gptkb:Chicago
gptkb:Honolulu
gptkb:Los_Angeles
gptkb:New_York_City
gptkb:San_Francisco
gptkb:Seattle
|
|
gptkbp:membership
|
gptkb:Chinese_immigrants
gptkb:Chinese-Americans
|
|
gptkbp:notableEvent
|
gptkb:Tong_Wars
|
|
gptkbp:notableTong
|
gptkb:Hip_Sing_Tong
gptkb:On_Leong_Tong
gptkb:Suey_Sing_Tong
gptkb:Hop_Sing_Tong
gptkb:Bing_Kong_Tong
|
|
gptkbp:notToBeConfusedWith
|
Chinese benevolent associations
|
|
gptkbp:opposedBy
|
gptkb:law_enforcement
gptkb:Chinese_Consolidated_Benevolent_Association
|
|
gptkbp:originatedIn
|
Chinese immigrant communities in the United States
|
|
gptkbp:purpose
|
social support
business interests
protection of members
|
|
gptkbp:relatedTo
|
gptkb:Chinese_Freemasons
Triads
|
|
gptkbp:bfsParent
|
gptkb:Tong_wars
|
|
gptkbp:bfsLayer
|
7
|