|
gptkbp:instanceOf
|
economic crisis
|
|
gptkbp:affectedArea
|
gptkb:Finland
gptkb:France
gptkb:Ireland
gptkb:Italy
gptkb:Portugal
gptkb:Spain
gptkb:Sweden
gptkb:United_Kingdom
|
|
gptkbp:alsoKnownAs
|
gptkb:Black_Wednesday
|
|
gptkbp:BankOfEnglandLosses
|
over £3 billion
|
|
gptkbp:category
|
gptkb:1992_in_economics
gptkb:1993_in_economics
currency crises
economic history of Europe
|
|
gptkbp:cause
|
inability to maintain currency pegs
speculative attacks on European currencies
|
|
gptkbp:currency
|
gptkb:Swedish_krona
gptkb:Finnish_markka
gptkb:French_franc
gptkb:Irish_pound
gptkb:Italian_lira
gptkb:Portuguese_escudo
gptkb:Spanish_peseta
pound sterling
|
|
gptkbp:endDate
|
1993
|
|
gptkbp:followedBy
|
increased skepticism about euro adoption
|
|
https://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label
|
1992–93 ERM crisis
|
|
gptkbp:impact
|
losses for Bank of England
political consequences in the UK
reassessment of European monetary integration
|
|
gptkbp:location
|
gptkb:Europe
|
|
gptkbp:notableEvent
|
gptkb:Black_Wednesday
|
|
gptkbp:notableInvestment
|
gptkb:George_Soros
|
|
gptkbp:notablePerson
|
gptkb:George_Soros
|
|
gptkbp:precededBy
|
gptkb:European_Exchange_Rate_Mechanism
|
|
gptkbp:relatedTo
|
gptkb:European_Monetary_System
gptkb:Maastricht_Treaty
gptkb:European_Exchange_Rate_Mechanism
|
|
gptkbp:resultedIn
|
gptkb:United_Kingdom_leaving_ERM
gptkb:devaluation_of_the_Finnish_markka
gptkb:devaluation_of_the_Spanish_peseta
devaluation of the pound sterling
devaluation of the Irish pound
devaluation of the Italian lira
devaluation of the Swedish krona
|
|
gptkbp:startDate
|
1992-09-16
|
|
gptkbp:bfsParent
|
gptkb:European_Monetary_System
|
|
gptkbp:bfsLayer
|
6
|