Triple

T4957257
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Arnold B. Arons E111314 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Development of reasoning in physics
"Development of Reasoning in Physics" is an influential work by Arnold B. Arons that explores how students learn and develop conceptual and logical reasoning skills in physics education.
E483025 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Development of reasoning in physics | Statement: [Arnold B. Arons, notableWork, Development of reasoning in physics]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Development of reasoning in physics
Context triple: [Arnold B. Arons, notableWork, Development of reasoning in physics]
  • A. Implications of cognitive studies for teaching physics
    "Implications of cognitive studies for teaching physics" is a scholarly work that applies findings from cognitive science to improve how physics is taught and learned.
  • B. An Introduction to Physics Education Research
    "An Introduction to Physics Education Research" is a foundational work that surveys the methods, findings, and implications of research on how students learn physics, aimed at improving physics teaching and curriculum design.
  • C. An Introduction to Reasoning
    An Introduction to Reasoning is a foundational textbook on argumentation and critical thinking that presents Stephen Toulmin’s influential model of practical reasoning.
  • D. Some Considerations Touching the Usefulness of Experimental Natural Philosophy
    Some Considerations Touching the Usefulness of Experimental Natural Philosophy is a 17th-century work by Robert Boyle that defends and promotes the value of experimental methods in the study of nature.
  • E. Physical Review Special Topics – Physics Education Research
    Physical Review Special Topics – Physics Education Research is a peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on research and scholarship in physics education.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Development of reasoning in physics
Triple: [Arnold B. Arons, notableWork, Development of reasoning in physics]
Generated description
"Development of Reasoning in Physics" is an influential work by Arnold B. Arons that explores how students learn and develop conceptual and logical reasoning skills in physics education.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Development of reasoning in physics
Target entity description: "Development of Reasoning in Physics" is an influential work by Arnold B. Arons that explores how students learn and develop conceptual and logical reasoning skills in physics education.
  • A. Implications of cognitive studies for teaching physics
    "Implications of cognitive studies for teaching physics" is a scholarly work that applies findings from cognitive science to improve how physics is taught and learned.
  • B. An Introduction to Physics Education Research
    "An Introduction to Physics Education Research" is a foundational work that surveys the methods, findings, and implications of research on how students learn physics, aimed at improving physics teaching and curriculum design.
  • C. An Introduction to Reasoning
    An Introduction to Reasoning is a foundational textbook on argumentation and critical thinking that presents Stephen Toulmin’s influential model of practical reasoning.
  • D. Some Considerations Touching the Usefulness of Experimental Natural Philosophy
    Some Considerations Touching the Usefulness of Experimental Natural Philosophy is a 17th-century work by Robert Boyle that defends and promotes the value of experimental methods in the study of nature.
  • E. Physical Review Special Topics – Physics Education Research
    Physical Review Special Topics – Physics Education Research is a peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on research and scholarship in physics education.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd4418390c8190b7e9766a2512ce55 completed March 20, 2026, 12:56 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd71d6ba9c8190932f8d81240c3f56 completed March 20, 2026, 4:12 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69be81e144a08190b66bf07e09b6ff55 completed March 21, 2026, 11:32 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69be83b10e048190889289ac2ca9f07f completed March 21, 2026, 11:40 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69be843e2e50819099b2b73498c7c16e completed March 21, 2026, 11:42 a.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:32 p.m.