Triple

T4489035
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject James G. March E107321 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object garbage can model of organizational choice
The garbage can model of organizational choice is a theory in organizational studies that portrays decision-making in complex organizations as a chaotic process where problems, solutions, participants, and opportunities flow independently and are only loosely coupled.
E446937 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: garbage can model of organizational choice | Statement: [James G. March, knownFor, garbage can model of organizational choice]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: garbage can model of organizational choice
Context triple: [James G. March, knownFor, garbage can model of organizational choice]
  • A. Bureaucracy: What Government Agencies Do and Why They Do It
    "Bureaucracy: What Government Agencies Do and Why They Do It" is a seminal public administration and political science book by James Q. Wilson that analyzes how and why government agencies operate as they do.
  • B. Models of Bounded Rationality
    Models of Bounded Rationality is a collection of Herbert A. Simon’s influential works that develop the concept of bounded rationality, explaining how real-world decision-making is constrained by limited information, cognitive capacity, and time.
  • C. Outline of a New Approach to the Analysis of Complex Systems and Decision Processes (1973)
    "Outline of a New Approach to the Analysis of Complex Systems and Decision Processes" (1973) is a seminal paper by Lotfi A. Zadeh that introduced the concept of fuzzy logic as a framework for modeling and reasoning about complex, uncertain systems and human decision-making.
  • D. Governing the Commons
    Governing the Commons is a seminal book by political economist Elinor Ostrom that analyzes how communities successfully manage shared resources without relying solely on privatization or government control.
  • E. Collective Choice and Social Welfare
    Collective Choice and Social Welfare is a foundational work in social choice theory that rigorously examines how individual preferences can be aggregated into collective decisions while addressing issues of welfare, justice, and fairness.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: garbage can model of organizational choice
Triple: [James G. March, knownFor, garbage can model of organizational choice]
Generated description
The garbage can model of organizational choice is a theory in organizational studies that portrays decision-making in complex organizations as a chaotic process where problems, solutions, participants, and opportunities flow independently and are only loosely coupled.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: garbage can model of organizational choice
Target entity description: The garbage can model of organizational choice is a theory in organizational studies that portrays decision-making in complex organizations as a chaotic process where problems, solutions, participants, and opportunities flow independently and are only loosely coupled.
  • A. Bureaucracy: What Government Agencies Do and Why They Do It
    "Bureaucracy: What Government Agencies Do and Why They Do It" is a seminal public administration and political science book by James Q. Wilson that analyzes how and why government agencies operate as they do.
  • B. Models of Bounded Rationality
    Models of Bounded Rationality is a collection of Herbert A. Simon’s influential works that develop the concept of bounded rationality, explaining how real-world decision-making is constrained by limited information, cognitive capacity, and time.
  • C. Outline of a New Approach to the Analysis of Complex Systems and Decision Processes (1973)
    "Outline of a New Approach to the Analysis of Complex Systems and Decision Processes" (1973) is a seminal paper by Lotfi A. Zadeh that introduced the concept of fuzzy logic as a framework for modeling and reasoning about complex, uncertain systems and human decision-making.
  • D. Governing the Commons
    Governing the Commons is a seminal book by political economist Elinor Ostrom that analyzes how communities successfully manage shared resources without relying solely on privatization or government control.
  • E. Collective Choice and Social Welfare
    Collective Choice and Social Welfare is a foundational work in social choice theory that rigorously examines how individual preferences can be aggregated into collective decisions while addressing issues of welfare, justice, and fairness.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd43f84f788190a1383579c4a595be completed March 20, 2026, 12:56 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd52ad36748190b791de458f2116b2 completed March 20, 2026, 1:59 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69bd67a90f308190ab4f912cd1e2f692 completed March 20, 2026, 3:28 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69bd68d76cfc819083071015add540dc completed March 20, 2026, 3:33 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69bd698f0f148190ae3ad5193cba0851 completed March 20, 2026, 3:36 p.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 12:59 p.m.