Triple

T3980946
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Murphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association E85755 entity
Predicate holding P2237 FINISHED
Object The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes violate the anti-commandeering rule of the Tenth Amendment.
The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes are federal statutory rules that were struck down by the Supreme Court for unconstitutionally commandeering state legislatures in violation of the Tenth Amendment.
E403283 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes violate the anti-commandeering rule of the Tenth Amendment. | Statement: [Murphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association, holding, The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes violate the anti-commandeering rule of the Tenth Amendment.]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes violate the anti-commandeering rule of the Tenth Amendment.
Context triple: [Murphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association, holding, The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes violate the anti-commandeering rule of the Tenth Amendment.]
  • A. United States – Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services
    United States – Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services is a landmark WTO dispute case concerning U.S. restrictions on online gambling services and their consistency with international trade rules under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS).
  • B. Indian Gaming Regulatory Act
    The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act is a 1988 U.S. federal law that establishes the legal framework and regulatory structure for Native American gaming operations on tribal lands.
  • C. Oregon State Police Gaming Enforcement
    Oregon State Police Gaming Enforcement is a specialized division responsible for regulating, monitoring, and enforcing laws related to legal gaming activities within the state of Oregon.
  • D. Rules of Amateur Status
    The Rules of Amateur Status are golf regulations that define and govern who qualifies as an amateur player, particularly regarding eligibility, conduct, and restrictions on accepting prize money or sponsorship.
  • E. Partisan Prohibitions
    Partisan Prohibitions were a series of political crackdowns and purges in late Han dynasty China targeting scholars and officials accused of factionalism and opposition to eunuch influence at court.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes violate the anti-commandeering rule of the Tenth Amendment.
Triple: [Murphy v. National Collegiate Athletic Association, holding, The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes violate the anti-commandeering rule of the Tenth Amendment.]
Generated description
The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes are federal statutory rules that were struck down by the Supreme Court for unconstitutionally commandeering state legislatures in violation of the Tenth Amendment.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes violate the anti-commandeering rule of the Tenth Amendment.
Target entity description: The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes are federal statutory rules that were struck down by the Supreme Court for unconstitutionally commandeering state legislatures in violation of the Tenth Amendment.
  • A. United States – Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services
    United States – Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services is a landmark WTO dispute case concerning U.S. restrictions on online gambling services and their consistency with international trade rules under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS).
  • B. Indian Gaming Regulatory Act
    The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act is a 1988 U.S. federal law that establishes the legal framework and regulatory structure for Native American gaming operations on tribal lands.
  • C. Oregon State Police Gaming Enforcement
    Oregon State Police Gaming Enforcement is a specialized division responsible for regulating, monitoring, and enforcing laws related to legal gaming activities within the state of Oregon.
  • D. Rules of Amateur Status
    The Rules of Amateur Status are golf regulations that define and govern who qualifies as an amateur player, particularly regarding eligibility, conduct, and restrictions on accepting prize money or sponsorship.
  • E. Partisan Prohibitions
    Partisan Prohibitions were a series of political crackdowns and purges in late Han dynasty China targeting scholars and officials accused of factionalism and opposition to eunuch influence at court.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69aed93908348190a26c8aaf4fab3e86 completed March 9, 2026, 2:29 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69aef9d9d8848190aa06eaf5d281fa16 completed March 9, 2026, 4:48 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b54021ae388190a9518ea85b760736 completed March 14, 2026, 11:01 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b541340dbc819081538517267f390f completed March 14, 2026, 11:06 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b54193105c81909e2a4e368aae36e8 completed March 14, 2026, 11:08 a.m.
Created at: March 9, 2026, 3:33 p.m.