Triple

T26950

Position	Surface form	Disambiguated ID	Type / Status
Subject	Claude Shannon	`E539`	entity
Predicate	notableWork	`P4`	FINISHED
Object	Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems is Claude Shannon’s foundational paper that established the mathematical basis of modern cryptography and information-theoretic security.	`E3531`	NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini

Instruction

Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).

Input

Phrase: Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems | Statement: [Claude Shannon, notableWork, Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems]

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems
Context triple: [Claude Shannon, notableWork, Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems]

A. A Mathematical Theory of Communication
A Mathematical Theory of Communication is Claude Shannon’s landmark 1948 paper that founded information theory by rigorously defining concepts like information, entropy, and channel capacity.
B. The Essence of Security
"The Essence of Security" is a book by former U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara that outlines his views on national security, nuclear strategy, and defense policy during the Cold War.
C. The Computer as a Communication Device
"The Computer as a Communication Device" is a seminal 1968 essay by J.C.R. Licklider that envisioned interactive, networked computing as a medium for human collaboration and communication, foreshadowing the modern internet.
D. IRE Transactions on Communications Systems
IRE Transactions on Communications Systems was a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Institute of Radio Engineers that focused on research in communication theory, systems, and related technologies.
E. Shannon entropy
Shannon entropy is a fundamental measure in information theory that quantifies the average uncertainty or information content in a random variable or message source.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1

Instruction

Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"

Input

Entity: Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems
Triple: [Claude Shannon, notableWork, Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems]

Generated description

Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems is Claude Shannon’s foundational paper that established the mathematical basis of modern cryptography and information-theoretic security.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems
Target entity description: Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems is Claude Shannon’s foundational paper that established the mathematical basis of modern cryptography and information-theoretic security.

A. A Mathematical Theory of Communication
A Mathematical Theory of Communication is Claude Shannon’s landmark 1948 paper that founded information theory by rigorously defining concepts like information, entropy, and channel capacity.
B. The Essence of Security
"The Essence of Security" is a book by former U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara that outlines his views on national security, nuclear strategy, and defense policy during the Cold War.
C. The Computer as a Communication Device
"The Computer as a Communication Device" is a seminal 1968 essay by J.C.R. Licklider that envisioned interactive, networked computing as a medium for human collaboration and communication, foreshadowing the modern internet.
D. IRE Transactions on Communications Systems
IRE Transactions on Communications Systems was a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Institute of Radio Engineers that focused on research in communication theory, systems, and related technologies.
E. Shannon entropy
Shannon entropy is a fundamental measure in information theory that quantifies the average uncertainty or information content in a random variable or message source.
F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step	Stage	Batch ID	Status	When
creating	Elicitation	`batch_69a243b4ac2c8190b93c303df797b7b2`	completed	Feb. 28, 2026, 1:24 a.m.
NER	Named-entity recognition	`batch_69a246776cf48190aca9855cb07e8d89`	completed	Feb. 28, 2026, 1:35 a.m.
NED1	Entity disambiguation (via context triple)	`batch_69a24e5b531481909078feeee5cf26e2`	completed	Feb. 28, 2026, 2:09 a.m.
NEDg	Description generation	`batch_69a2506ad2ac8190b5a61c3fb3890d47`	completed	Feb. 28, 2026, 2:18 a.m.
NED2	Entity disambiguation (via description)	`batch_69a25147eccc8190b6151a03b064d31c`	completed	Feb. 28, 2026, 2:22 a.m.

Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:34 a.m.