Triple

T243944
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Planck radiation law E4994 entity
Predicate reducesTo P3630 FINISHED
Object Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies
The Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies is the classical approximation for blackbody radiation that accurately describes the long-wavelength, low-energy limit of Planck’s radiation spectrum.
E31549 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies | Statement: [Planck radiation law, reducesTo, Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies
Context triple: [Planck radiation law, reducesTo, Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies]
  • A. Planck radiation law
    Planck radiation law is a fundamental formula in quantum physics that describes the spectral distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium.
  • B. On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light
    "On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that introduced the concept of light quanta (photons), laying the foundation for quantum theory and explaining the photoelectric effect.
  • C. Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases
    Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases is a foundational 1860 scientific paper by James Clerk Maxwell that introduced key ideas of kinetic theory and the statistical behavior of gas molecules.
  • D. Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?
    "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that first articulated the mass–energy equivalence principle, commonly expressed as E = mc².
  • E. Einstein coefficients
    Einstein coefficients are parameters in quantum theory that quantify the probabilities of absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of radiation by atoms or molecules.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies
Triple: [Planck radiation law, reducesTo, Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies]
Generated description
The Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies is the classical approximation for blackbody radiation that accurately describes the long-wavelength, low-energy limit of Planck’s radiation spectrum.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies
Target entity description: The Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies is the classical approximation for blackbody radiation that accurately describes the long-wavelength, low-energy limit of Planck’s radiation spectrum.
  • A. Planck radiation law
    Planck radiation law is a fundamental formula in quantum physics that describes the spectral distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium.
  • B. On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light
    "On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that introduced the concept of light quanta (photons), laying the foundation for quantum theory and explaining the photoelectric effect.
  • C. Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases
    Illustrations of the Dynamical Theory of Gases is a foundational 1860 scientific paper by James Clerk Maxwell that introduced key ideas of kinetic theory and the statistical behavior of gas molecules.
  • D. Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?
    "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?" is Albert Einstein’s 1905 paper that first articulated the mass–energy equivalence principle, commonly expressed as E = mc².
  • E. Einstein coefficients
    Einstein coefficients are parameters in quantum theory that quantify the probabilities of absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of radiation by atoms or molecules.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a257c3d0708190b0871c4269d273e6 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 2:49 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a25cef84ac81908fcc175b7f89653b completed Feb. 28, 2026, 3:11 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a36cf2e84c81908d87847d498f96f4 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 10:32 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a36d68858c81908cc2d2dc94b1a482 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 10:34 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a36dbb7dc88190a75f2c0bbb478ccc completed Feb. 28, 2026, 10:35 p.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 2:53 a.m.