Triple

T13668563
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Charles II, Duke of Parma E327688 entity
Predicate title P38 FINISHED
Object Duke of Lucca
The Duke of Lucca was the sovereign ruler of the small Italian duchy of Lucca during the early 19th century, a title later held by Charles II of Parma.
E1068167 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Duke of Lucca | Statement: [Charles II, Duke of Parma, title, Duke of Lucca]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Duke of Lucca
Context triple: [Charles II, Duke of Parma, title, Duke of Lucca]
  • A. Duke of Poggio Nativo
    The Duke of Poggio Nativo is a hereditary noble title historically held by a branch of the influential Italian Borghese family.
  • B. Duke of Florence
    The Duke of Florence was the noble title held by the Medici rulers of Florence before the elevation of their realm into the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
  • C. Duke of Piacenza
    The Duke of Piacenza was a Napoleonic noble title associated with the French Empire’s administration of the Italian city of Piacenza.
  • D. Duke of Piacenza
    The Duke of Piacenza was a noble title historically associated with the Farnese family, notably held alongside the Duchy of Parma as part of a significant Italian ducal domain in the early modern period.
  • E. Duke of Civitella
    The Duke of Civitella is a hereditary noble title historically held by a branch of the Italian Borghese family, one of Rome’s most prominent aristocratic lineages.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Duke of Lucca
Triple: [Charles II, Duke of Parma, title, Duke of Lucca]
Generated description
The Duke of Lucca was the sovereign ruler of the small Italian duchy of Lucca during the early 19th century, a title later held by Charles II of Parma.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Duke of Lucca
Target entity description: The Duke of Lucca was the sovereign ruler of the small Italian duchy of Lucca during the early 19th century, a title later held by Charles II of Parma.
  • A. Duke of Poggio Nativo
    The Duke of Poggio Nativo is a hereditary noble title historically held by a branch of the influential Italian Borghese family.
  • B. Duke of Florence
    The Duke of Florence was the noble title held by the Medici rulers of Florence before the elevation of their realm into the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
  • C. Duke of Piacenza
    The Duke of Piacenza was a Napoleonic noble title associated with the French Empire’s administration of the Italian city of Piacenza.
  • D. Duke of Piacenza
    The Duke of Piacenza was a noble title historically associated with the Farnese family, notably held alongside the Duchy of Parma as part of a significant Italian ducal domain in the early modern period.
  • E. Duke of Civitella
    The Duke of Civitella is a hereditary noble title historically held by a branch of the Italian Borghese family, one of Rome’s most prominent aristocratic lineages.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8076f1fa8819094664a59b55010df completed April 9, 2026, 8:09 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69dbc65832688190aea688fee0a7cbdb completed April 12, 2026, 4:20 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f7c6fb2b708190ae6e36bfb93f8bdd completed May 3, 2026, 10:06 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f7c93a3d0c8190a6417f0db54119f5 completed May 3, 2026, 10:16 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f7c9b2930c8190983f2c55a0dd35f6 completed May 3, 2026, 10:18 p.m.
Created at: April 9, 2026, 9:52 p.m.